Mosaic genome of endobacteria in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Transkingdom gene transfer in an ancient mycoplasma-fungus association
Copyright policy )Mosaic genome of endobacteria in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Transkingdom gene transfer in an ancient mycoplasma-fungus association
Significance Obligate plant-symbiotic, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are major drivers of terrestrial ecosystems and host enigmatic Mollicutes -related endobacteria (MRE) in their cytoplasm. The genome analysis of a MRE living in the AMF Dentiscutata heterogama revealed it to represent a previously unidentified bacterial lineage of Mycoplasma -related species. Dh MRE shows strongly reduced metabolic capacity and underwent trans-kingdom gene transfer: its genome codes for an arsenal of eukaryotic-like putative effector proteins, with nuclear encoded homologues in AMF and Mortierella . The MRE-fungus (-plant) association probably evolved in ancestors of Glomeromycota and Mucoromycotina . This calls for a targeted search for ancient effector proteins that play crucial roles in the MRE interaction with fungal hosts, and putatively also with plants.
- National Research Council Italy
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Germany
- University of Turin Italy
- National Research Council Sri Lanka
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection Italy
Bacteria, Mosaicism, Molecular Sequence Data, Gene Transfer Techniques, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, endobacteria, Mycoplasma, Mycorrhizae, Mycoplasma; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; endobacteria; horizontal gene transfer; intracellular symbiont, horizontal gene transfer, intracellular symbiont, Genome, Bacterial
Bacteria, Mosaicism, Molecular Sequence Data, Gene Transfer Techniques, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, endobacteria, Mycoplasma, Mycorrhizae, Mycoplasma; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; endobacteria; horizontal gene transfer; intracellular symbiont, horizontal gene transfer, intracellular symbiont, Genome, Bacterial
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