The short brochure, edited by the author, is based mainly on the author’s field studies in 1986-1987. This publication contains a review of the adaptive changes in pastoral economies and settlement patterns of the ethnically Russian old settler peasant communities of Molokans, Doukhobors, Subbotniks in the present-day Azerbaijan. Their ancestors, religious dissidents, were initially sent there from Central Russia in the middle of the 19th century.