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Three is a crowd in iterated prisoner's dilemmas: experimental evidence on reciprocal behavior

Authors: Grujic, Jelena; Eke, Burcu; Cabrales, Antonio; Cuesta, Jose A.; Sanchez, Angel;

Three is a crowd in iterated prisoner's dilemmas: experimental evidence on reciprocal behavior

Abstract

Reciprocity or conditional cooperation is one of the most prominent mechanisms proposed to explain the emergence of cooperation in social dilemmas. Recent experimental findings on networked games suggest that conditional cooperation may also depend on the previous action of the player. We here report on experiments on iterated, multi-player Prisoner's dilemma, on groups of 2 to 5 people. We confirm the dependence on the previous step and that memory effects for earlier periods are not significant. We show that the behavior of subjects in pairwise dilemmas is qualitatively different from the cases with more players; After an initial decay, cooperation increases significantly reaching values above 80%. The strategy of the players is rather universal as far as their willingness to reciprocate cooperation is concerned, whereas there is much diversity in their initial propensity to cooperate. Our results indicate that, for cooperation to emerge and thrive, three is a crowd.

Country
Belgium
Keywords

Likelihood Functions, Evolutionary games, Human cooperation, Matemáticas, Altruism, Models, Biological, Article, Social dilemmas, Punishment, Game Theory, Nonlinear Dynamics, Humans, Cooperative Behavior, Public-goods experiments, Mass Behavior, Algorithms, Infinitely repeated games, Sizable groups

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
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51
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9
19
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gold