The dataset contains the results of year-round records or individual observations of 127 species of waterfowl in the territory of western Ukraine, namely Zakarpattia, Lviv, Volyn, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil, Khmelnytskyi, Rivne, Chernivtsi administrative regions. 35% (3701 records) of all observations are located in Volyn and Rivne regions, the territories of which are situated within the boundaries of the Polissia lowland and the Volyn highlands and which are characterized by a dense network of natural lakes, swamps and waterlogged floodplains of rivers. The rest of the observations were carried out in very diverse physical and geographical zones: Male Polissia, Podillia Highlands, Carpathian Mountains, the mountain system of the Ukrainian Carpathians, the Transcarpathian Lowlands and others. All of them are characterized by a dense river network and a large number of artificial water bodies, such as fish breeding ponds and reservoirs.