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Результаты комплексного исследования памятника Куртеке (Восточный Памир)

Результаты комплексного исследования памятника Куртеке (Восточный Памир)

Abstract

Материалы большей части археологических памятников Восточного Памира известны по подъемным сборам. Одним из трех известных на сегодняшний день многослойных стратифицированных памятников на этой территории является навес Куртеке, исследованный в 1960 г. В.А. Рановым. Тогда же были выделены два культурных слоя, датированных периодами неолита — энеолита и энеолита — эпохой бронзы. Этот памятник интересен еще и тем, что на стенах навеса непосредственно над культурными слоями присутствуют наскальные изображения, выполненные краской, — антропомофные и геометрические фигуры. Современные данные показали, что первый слой, связанный с заселением стоянки, относится к финальному плейстоцену (древнее 13 тыс. л.н.). В ходе нового этапа изучения проведены палинологический и карпологический анализ грунта, изучение неопределимых фаунистических остатков по методу ZooMS, а также документирование наскальных изображений памятника. Комплексное междисциплинарное исследование материалов Куртеке показало, что представленная здесь каменная индустрия является типичной для горной части Центральной Азии; климат в оба периода заселения стоянки человеком был засушливым, и несмотря на присутствие злаковых растений, прямых указаний на их окультуривание обнаружено не было; фаунистический состав стоянки представлен таксонами, типичными для территории Восточного Памира сегодня; в наскальном искусстве присутствуют образы, распространенные на территории Средней и Центральной Азии в эпоху бронзы.

The materials of most of the archaeological sites of the Eastern Pamirs are known from lifting samples. One of them is the Kurteke rock shelter, that was discovered in 1960 by V.A. Ranov. At that time at the site there were distinguished two cultural layers dated to the Neolithic-Eneolithic and Eneolithic-Bronze period. This site is also interesting because on the walls of the rock shelter , directly above the cultural layers there are rock paintings of anthropomorphic and geometric figures. Modern data have shown that the first layer associated with the settlement of the site belongs to the final Pleistocene (older than 13 thousand years ago). In the course of the new stage of the study, palynological and carpological analysis of the soil, the study of undetectable faunal remains using the ZooMS method, and the documentation of rock carvings of the site were carried out. A comprehensive interdisciplinary study of the Kurteke materials showed that the stone industry presented here is typical of the mountainous part of Central Asia; the climate during both periods of human settlement of the site was arid, and despite the presence of cereal plants, no direct indications of their domestication were found; the faunistic composition of the site is represented by taxa typical for the territory of the Eastern Pamirs today; in the rock art there are images common in the territory of Central and Central Asia in the Bronze Age.

Keywords

неолит, rockart, карпологический анализ, наскальные изображения, Eastern Pamir, carpologic analysis, Zoo-MS анализ, Neolithic, ZooMS analysis, Восточный Памир

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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