The authors in this study lay out a relatively new approach to the diagnostics of alcoholism. Measuring the biological markers of this disease is a useful extension of the standard clinical examination and a promising method for improving prevention. Studies about markers of alcoholism provide a new, exact and quantitative way of diagnosing alcoholism, by means of determining the "state" markers, which include markers of the cerebral process of dependency development and markers of acute and chronic intoxication by alcohol; and by means of determining the "trait" markers, which suggest the disposition for the development of alcohol disease. The authors believe that measuring the biological markers is a promising new approach that should improve the diagnostics and prevention of alcoholism.