CMR's should be composed primarily of milk proteins, lactose as the sole carbohydrate source, lipids composed of edible grade tallow or lard with consideration for medium-chain fatty acids derived from coconut oil that mimic those in milk fat and adequate vitamin and mineral nutrition. Spray-dried bovine plasma provides antibodies shown to reduce diarrhea and calf mortality and to effectively replace a significant portion of milk protein in the diet. Whole milk pasteurization must be intensely monitored to ensure it is consistently wholesome. Milk is deficient in vitamins and trace minerals.