Dabie Mountains, a unique transition area of subtropical and warm temperate zone, span Anhui, Hubei and Henan pro-vinces with a humid and suitable climate. It is rich in traditional Chinese medicine resources including many Dao-di herbs, and has a profound culture of traditional Chinese medicine with many herbalists in the past. This paper combed the historical geography of Dabie Mountains and development vein of medicinal materials recorded in history, and a textual research on the historical evolution of Dao-di herbs and special herbs in Dabie Mountains was carried out. The administrative region of Dabie Mountains has been changing constantly in history, which includes 25 counties and districts of six cities in Anhui, Henan and Hubei provinces at present. Dabie Mountains abound in a variety of Chinese herbal medicines, which have been recorded in herbal works in the past dynasties and local chronicles in detail. The recorded Dao-di herbs Dendrobium huoshanense, Artemisia argyi, and Poria cocos are well-known in China, and the output of Gastrodia elata, Ganoderma lucidum, and P. cocos is in the forefront of the country. Additionally, there are still many local special herbs emerging in modern times. In a word, this paper reviewed development of historical geography and ancient records of medicinal materials in Dabie Mountains, and made a textual research on the Dao-di herbs and special herbs, will provide a reference for the mo-dern research and intellectual property protection of Dao-di herbs in Dabie Mountains.