
Le syndrome de renutrition inappropriée (SRI), mal connu et souvent sous-diagnostiqué, est une pathologie rare, mais sévère, pouvant entraîner le décès. Il survient dans les 5 jours après renutrition chez des patients après un jeûne prolongé ou dans un contexte de dénutrition. Conséquence du passage brutal du catabolisme à l’anabolisme, le SRI peut se définir par une diminution des taux plasmatiques de phosphore, de potassium et/ou de magnésium associée ou non à un dysfonctionnement d’organe résultant d’une diminution de l’un des électrolytes ou d’une carence en thiamine, après renutrition. Les symptômes cliniques, variés et aspécifiques, sont liés aux troubles hydroélectrolytiques, à une rétention hydrosodée ou à une défaillance d’un ou plusieurs organes. La prise en charge des patients doit être rapide avec un examen clinique régulier, une surveillance biologique attentive, notamment hydroélectrolytique. La correction des troubles hydroélectrolytiques et la supplémentation systématique en thiamine sont indispensables lors de la renutrition qui doit être prudente et progressive quelle que soit sa forme (orale, entérale ou parentérale). La gravité du syndrome de renutrition inappropriée fait que sa prévention et son dépistage sont les points principaux de sa prise en charge chez les patients à risque.
Refeeding syndrome (RS) is a rare but severe condition that is poorly understood, often under-diagnosed and can lead to death. It occurs within 5 days after refeeding in patients after prolonged fasting or in a context of undernutrition. As a consequence of the abrupt transition from catabolism to anabolism, RS is defined as a decrease in plasma levels of phosphorus, potassium and/or magnesium, whether or not associated with organ dysfunction resulting from a decrease in one of the electrolytes or a thiamine deficiency, after refeeding. The clinical symptoms are varied and non-specific and are related to hydro electrolyte disorders, sodium-hydroxide retention or failure of one or more organs. Patient management should be appropriate with regular clinical examination and careful biological monitoring, including hydro electrolyte monitoring. The correction of hydroelectrolytic disorders and systematic thiamine supplementation are essential during refeeding, that must be done carefully and very progressively, whatever its form (oral, enteral or parenteral). The severity of the refeeding syndrome indicates that its prevention and screening are the corners of its management in at-risk patients.
hypophosphatemia, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Parenteral Nutrition, Hypophosphatemia, Malnutrition, syndrome de renutrition inappropriée, nutrition artificielle, dénutrition protéino-énergétique, Thiamine Deficiency, malnutrition, artificial nutrition, thiamine, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, hypophosphorémie, Humans, Refeeding Syndrome, Thiamine
hypophosphatemia, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Parenteral Nutrition, Hypophosphatemia, Malnutrition, syndrome de renutrition inappropriée, nutrition artificielle, dénutrition protéino-énergétique, Thiamine Deficiency, malnutrition, artificial nutrition, thiamine, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, hypophosphorémie, Humans, Refeeding Syndrome, Thiamine
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