The Spinicaudata (spiny clam shrimp) are a large group of freshwater, bivalved branchiopod crustaceans in need of taxonomic revision. Herein, the extant Spinicaudata families and genera are defined and diagnosed according to modern standards. An annotated catalogue of the Spinicaudata taxa is presented with synonyms. More than 747 spinicaudatan taxa are presented, of which 215 are considered valid families, genera and species. Chresonyms are provided for taxa redescribed according to modern standards. It is hoped that this catalogue will provide a basis for further taxonomic revision and phylogenetic work within the Spinicaudata.