To establish a principal component analysis( PCA) method for selecting Litsea mollis,to determine the selection criteria, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the early excellenting, selective breeding of Litsea mollis.The seedling origin of Litsea mollis plantion in Wanzhou district of Chongqing province were used as the research object,72 plus trees were selected by using 5 dominant comparative method. Its growth and economic traits were observed and analyzed by variance analysis and PCA method.The variatice analysis result showed that the traits existed rich genetic differences. The PCA analysis result showed that in rotated component matrix, tree height, crown area, east-west crown, north-south crown, diameter at breast height were used as the selection optimal criteria of Litsea mollis. Four plants with superior integrated economical were selected, which namely Y12-4,Y12,Y11-3and Y10.The rich variability of Litsea mollis provide the prerequisite condition for plus tree selection. The results conform to the phenotypic and indicate that the optimization methods are scientific and feasible.