
The tropical gar A. tropicus plays an important ecological role as it regulates other fish stocks in different water bodies in Southeastern México. Nevertheless, wild populations are declining, and one conservation alternative is the aquaculture production and basic knowledge of reproductive biology; for males, this requires the study of germ and somatic structures of testes, to characterize the reproductive cycle, and to provide basic knowledge for exploitation and conservation models and strategies. With this aim, a total of 24 males with an average Lp = 47.2 cm were collected from wild populations from the Laguna Pomposú, municipality of Jalpa de Mendez (18°19' - 93°01'12" W), Tabasco, Mexico. Fish were collected with a trawl net and were transported live to the Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas (DACBiol), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT). Males were slaughtered by prolonged immersion in MS222. Testes samples were collected from each specimen and were processed using the standard histological procedures, that consisted of dehydration in an ascending ethanol series, xylol, embedding in paraffin, sectioning at 7 µm, and staining with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The diameter of 20 seminiferous tubules (Tse), height of germinal epithelium (Egl), gonadosomatic index (IGS) and gonad volume (gV) were determined monthly. Based on morphometric and morpho-physiological characteristics, the testes consisted of a network of anastomosed tubules with non-restricted cystic spermatogenesis, and a permanent germinal epithelium. This is the first report of a permanent germinal epithelium in A. tropicus. Five reproductive classes were histologically identified: Class I Regressed; Class II Early Maturation; Class III Mid Maturation; Class IV Late Maturation; Class V Regression. Monthly GSI, gV and Tse values were lower in January and February, the testis showed spermatozoa remains and a regenerating discontinuous germinal epithelium. In March spermiogenesis increased and proliferation of spermatogonia decreased. Male tropical gar followed a seasonal reproductive cycle, indicated by the monthly variation of the reproductive classes and the reproductive season processes observed, and for which temperature and rainfall seem to stimulate reproductive activity and spermiation.
A. tropicus tiene un papel ecológico importante, como regulador de otras poblaciones de peces, en los cuerpos de agua de México, pero sus poblaciones silvestres se reducen. Una alternativa de conservación es el cultivo, el cual requiere caracterizar el ciclo reproductivo por medio del estudio de estructuras germinales y somáticas de los testículos, conocimientos que son básicos para formar modelos de aprovechamiento y conservación. Se capturaron mensualmente tres machos sexualmente maduros (N = 24), con un promedio de Lp = 47.2 cm en Laguna de Pomposú, Jalpa de Méndez (18°19´59” N - 93°01´12” W), Tabasco, México, de octubre 2009 a septiembre 2010. La técnica de captura fue red de arrastre, se transportaron vivos al laboratorio de acuicultura tropical, DACBiol, UJAT. Los machos recolectados se sacrificaron con sobre dosis de baños de inmersión en MS222, los testículos se procesaron para análisis histológico. Se determinó mensualmente el diámetro de 20 túbulos seminíferos (Tse), altura de epitelio germinal (Egl), índice gonadosomático (IGS) y volumen de gónada (vG). Características morfo-fisiológicas del testículo muestran que está constituido de una red de túbulos anastomosados con espermatogénesis quística no restringida, y un epitelio germinal permanente, de nuestro conocimiento es la primera vez que se reporta este tipo de epitelio en Holostei (Lepisosteiformes: Lepisosteidae). Se identificaron cinco clases reproductivas: Clase I Recrudescencia, Clase II Madurez temprana, Clase III Madurez intermedia, Clase IV Maduración tardía, Clase V Regresión, que al contrastarlo con el valor mensual de los indicadores sexuales “IGS, gV, Tse” muestra un patrón de variación; durante enero-febrero se presentan valores bajos, se observa un epitelio germinal discontinuo en regeneración; durante marzo se incrementa la proliferación de espermatogonias disminuyendo la espermatogénesis. Los machos de A. tropicus muestran una actividad reproductora estacional anual, explicado por las variaciones mensuales de los indicadores reproductores, donde la temperatura y la precipitación parecen tener un papel importante como factores que estimulan la actividad reproductora y por tanto la espermiación.
Male, Time Factors, Biología, espermiación, testes, Atractosteus tropicus, testes., testículos., Epithelium, germinal epithelium, Reference Values, Testis, Animals, Sexual Maturation, epitelio germinal, Spermatogenesis, Mexico, Reproduction, Fishes, spermatogenesis, Spermatogonia, espermatogénesis, Seasons, spermiation
Male, Time Factors, Biología, espermiación, testes, Atractosteus tropicus, testes., testículos., Epithelium, germinal epithelium, Reference Values, Testis, Animals, Sexual Maturation, epitelio germinal, Spermatogenesis, Mexico, Reproduction, Fishes, spermatogenesis, Spermatogonia, espermatogénesis, Seasons, spermiation
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