Il processo di insegnamento clinico durante il tirocinio richiede vari metodi per l'apprendimento di abilità tecnico-operative e di abilità più complesse quali relazionali, decisionali e di pianificazione. Obiettivo. Descrivere i metodi di insegnamento clinico efficaci nel favorire l'apprendimento di abilità tecnico-operative, relazionali, decisionali e di pianificazione. Metodi. Revisione della letteratura dei metodi considerati nel settore sanitario più utili ed efficaci e più utilizzati e apprezzati dagli studenti. Risultati. L'insegnamento clinico è un elemento centrale per far sì che l'esperienza clinica e il tirocinio si trasformino in competenze professionali: la responsabilizzazione dello studente a diventare gradualmente indipendente, la possibilità di fare in contesti reali, di ricevere feedback, di avere modelli di ruolo positivi, poter fare e mettersi in gioco con graduale autonomia sono elementi che facilitano e potenziano l'apprendimento. Conclusioni. L'insegnamento clinico si deve avvalere di una pluralità di metodi. Gli studenti apprezzano la gradualità sia delle esperienze che delle strategie di insegnamento, che va da metodi più guidati verso quelli più attivi e orientati alla riflessione sulla pratica e all'autoapprendimento.

Teaching Methods for clinical settings: a review. Introduction: The teaching process during internship requires several methods to promote the acquisition of more complex technical skills such as relational, decisional and planning abilities. Objective: To describe effective teaching methods to promote the learning of relational, decisional and planning skills. Methods: A literature review of the teaching methods that have proven most effective, most appreciated by students, and most frequently used in Italian nursing schools. Results: Clinical teaching is a central element to transform clinical experiences during internship in professional competences. The students are gradually brought to become more independent, because they are offered opportunities to practice in real contexts, to receive feedback, to have positive role models, to become more autonomous: all elements that facilitate and potentiate learning. Conclusions: Clinical teaching should be based on a variety of methods. The students value a gradual progression both in clinical experiences and teaching strategies from more supervised methods to methods more oriented towards reflecting on clinical practice and self-directed learning.

Introduction. The teaching process during internship requires several methods to promote the acquisition of more complex technical skills such as relational, decisional and planning abilities. Objective. To describe effective teaching methods to promote the learning of relational, decisional and planning skills. Methods. A literature review of the teaching methods that have proven most effective, most appreciated by students, and most frequently used in Italian nursing schools. Results. Clinical teaching is a central element to transform clinical experiences during internship in professional competences. The students are gradually brought to become more independent, because they are offered opportunities to practice in real contexts, to receive feedback, to have positive role models, to become more autonomous: all elements that facilitate and potentiate learning. Conclusions. Clinical teaching should be based on a variety of methods. The students value a gradual progression both in clinical experiences and teaching strategies from more supervised methods to methods more oriented towards reflecting on clinical practice and self-directed learning.