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Revista de Biología Tropical
Article . 2014
Data sources: DOAJ
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Forest biomass variation in Southernmost Brazil: the impact of Araucaria trees.

Authors: Rosenfield, Milena Fermina; Souza, Alexandre F.;

Forest biomass variation in Southernmost Brazil: the impact of Araucaria trees.

Abstract

Una variedad de factores ambientales y bióticos determinan el crecimiento de la vegetación y afectan la acumulación de biomasa vegetal. Desde la temperatura hasta la composición de especies, en los ecosistemas forestales el almacenamiento de la biomasa aérea se ve influenciada por una serie de variables, razón por la cual generalmente presenta una alta variabilidad espacial. De acuerdo a esto, el objetivo del estudio es analizar las variables que afectan la biomasa área (en Inglés, aboveground forest biomass - AGB) en los bosques húmedos subtropicales del sur de Brasil y analizar su distribución espacial. Para el estudio se utilizaron los datos de un inventario forestal realizado en el estado de Rio Grande del Sur, sur de Brasil. Se evaluaron bosques de hoja ancha (Broadleaf forests) y bosques mixtos de hoja ancha y coníferas (Mixed Coniferous-Broadleaf forests). Además, se tomaron muestras de 38 parcelas de 1 ha y para la estimación de la biomasa se incluyeron todos los árboles con DAP ≥9.5cm. Los valores para la biomasa aérea se obtuvieron con ecuaciones alométricas publicadas. Las variables ambientales y bióticas (altitud, precipitación, temperatura, suelo, densidad de los troncos y diversidad de especies) se obtuvieron de la literatura o se han calculado a partir del conjunto de datos. Para el conjunto de datos, el AGB medio fue 195.2Mg/ha. Las estimaciones difieren entre los bosques de hoja ancha y los bosques mixtos de hoja ancha y coníferas: el AGB promedio fue menor en los bosques de hoja ancha (AGBBF=118.9Mg/ha) en comparación con los bosques mixtos (AGBMF=250.3Mg/ha). Hubo una alta variabilidad espacial y local en la base de datos, incluso dentro de los tipos de bosques. Esta condición es normal en los bosques tropicales y por lo general se atribuye a la presencia de grandes árboles. La regresión múltiple fue influenciada principalmente por la altitud y explicó 50.7% de la variación en AGB. La densidad, diversidad y materia orgánica también influyeron en la variación de biomasa. Los resultados mostraron una relación positiva entre la biomasa sobre el suelo y la altitud. Por lo tanto, los valores más altos de AGB se encuentran en altitudes mayores y se someten a temperaturas más bajas y un clima más húmedo. Parece que hay una importante contribución de las coníferas Araucaria angustifolia en las parcelas de bosques mixto, ya que tienen una biomasa significativamente mayor que las especies de angiospermas. En Brasil, esta especie en peligro de extinción es parte de un bosque de gran diversidad (Bosque de Araucaria) y tiene el potencial de almacenamiento de la biomasa. Los resultados del presente estudio muestran la variabilidad espacial y local de la biomasa aérea en los bosques subtropicales, destacan la importancia de estos ecosistemas en el almacenamiento global del carbono, y estimulan la mejora de futuras estimaciones de biomasa.

A variety of environmental and biotic factors determine vegetation growth and affect plant biomass accumulation. From temperature to species composition, aboveground biomass storage in forest ecosystems is influenced by a number of variables and usually presents a high spatial variability. With this focus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the variables affecting live aboveground forest biomass (AGB) in Subtropical Moist Forests of Southern Brazil, and to analyze the spatial distribution of biomass estimates. Data from a forest inventory performed in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, was used in the present study. Thirty-eight 1-ha plots were sampled and all trees with DBH ≥9.5cm were included for biomass estimation. Values for aboveground biomass were obtained using published allometric equations. Environmental and biotic variables (elevation, rainfall, temperature, soils, stem density and species diversity) were obtained from the literature or calculated from the dataset. For the total dataset, mean AGB was 195.2Mg/ha. Estimates differed between Broadleaf and Mixed Coniferous-Broadleaf forests: mean AGB was lower in Broadleaf Forests (AGBBF=118.9Mg/ha) when compared to Mixed Forests (AGBMF=250.3Mg/ha). There was a high spatial and local variability in our dataset, even within forest types. This condition is normal in tropical forests and is usually attributed to the presence of large trees. The explanatory multiple regressions were influenced mainly by elevation and explained 50.7% of the variation in AGB. Stem density, diversity and organic matter also influenced biomass variation. The results from our study showed a positive relationship between aboveground biomass and elevation. Therefore, higher values of AGB are located at higher elevations and subjected to cooler temperatures and wetter climate. There seems to be an important contribution of the coniferous species Araucaria angustifolia in Mixed Forest plots, as it presented significantly higher biomass than angiosperm species. In Brazil, this endangered species is part of a high diversity forest (Araucaria Forest) and has the potential for biomass storage. The results of the present study show the spatial and local variability in aboveground biomass in subtropical forests and highlight the importance of these ecosystems in global carbon stock, stimulating the improvement of future biomass estimates.

Keywords

Tropical Climate, indirect methods, regression model, deciduous forests, spatial distribution, reservas de carbono, QH301-705.5, carbon stock, Trees, modelo de regresión, bosques de hoja caduca, distribución espacial, Biomass, Biology (General), métodos indirectos, Brazil, Environmental Monitoring

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
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gold