As described in the DSM-IV-TR, conversion disorder encompasses neurological symptoms not due to a recognised neurological disease. Some authors have suggested abandoning the label 'conversion disorder' and replacing it with the phrase 'functional neurological symptoms'. Two requirements for the diagnosis, namely, the association of psychological factors and the exclusion of feigning, produce several problems and should therefore not be included in the new criteria. Based on studies of the functional anatomy of perception and movement, it is likely that functional neurological symptoms are interpreted by patients as being involuntary and occurring spontaneously. In the current diagnostic criteria, the emphasis is on the exclusion of other disorders; clinical features that support the diagnosis have been proposed for the new criteria. Psychiatrists should be consulted if depression or anxiety disorders are suspected. If recovery comes to a standstill, such patients should be referred to psychologists who are experienced in cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with functional neurological symptoms.