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Influence of the glycemic index and glycemic load of the diet in the glycemic control of diabetic children and teenagers.

Authors: Queiroz, K. C.; Novato Silva, I.; de Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas, R.;

Influence of the glycemic index and glycemic load of the diet in the glycemic control of diabetic children and teenagers.

Abstract

Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia del índice glucémico (IG) y de la carga glucémica (CG) de la dieta en el control glucémico de los diabéticos. Métodos: El estudio incluyó 146 individuos con edades comprendidas entre 7-19 años, visto en la División de Endocrinología Pediátrica del HC/UFMG. La dieta fue evaluada utilizando un cuestionario de frecuencia alimentaria cuantitativa validado y previamente probado en un proyecto piloto. El IG de la dieta se estimó de acuerdo con ecuación descrita por Wolever y Jenkins (1986). El CG se calcula utilizando la ecuación propuesta por Foster-Powell et al. (2002). El control glucémico fue calificado como buen, regular o mal a través de la media de dos resultados de la HbA1c de los seis meses anteriores a la fecha de evaluación de la dieta. Resultados: Los sujetos que tenían un buen control glucémico consumieron dietas con IG/CG significativamente (prueba de Tukey, p = 0,000) más baja (54,8 ± 2,7/118,3 ± 29,8) que los que tenían el control regular (60,1 ± 3,8/142,5 ± 27,3) y mal (60,3 ± 4,1/153,7 ± 40,7). La dieta ingerida por 75% de los diabéticos con un buen control glucémico presentó promedio CG, lo que sugiere que el control glucémico también se puede obtener cuando la ingesta alimentaria presenta esta característica. La dieta con IG bajo había un mayor contenido proteico, que puede haber contribuido a la atenuación de la respuesta de la glucemia postprandial, y un mejor control glucémico de los pacientes que ingirieron esta dieta. Conclusión: El consumo de dietas con reducción del IG y CG favoreció el control glucémico de la población estudiada.

Objective: Evaluate the influence of the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of the diet in the glycemic control of children and teenagers with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). Methods: A total of 146 subjects, aged 7-19 years, monitored at the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology at the HC/UFMG participated in the study. The consumed diet was evaluated using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire previously validated and tested in a pilotproject. The GI of the participant´s diet was estimated according to the equation described by Wolever and Jenkins (1986). The GL was estimated using the equation proposed by Foster-Powell et al. (2002). The glycemic control was classified as good, intermediate or poor according to the average of two HbA1c values obtained six months prior to the dietary evaluation date. Results: Subjects that had good glycemic control consumed diets with significantly (Tukey test, p = 0.000) lower GI/GL (54.8 ± 2.7/118.3 ± 29.8) than the ones with intermediate (60.1 ± 3.8/142.5 ± 27.3) and poor (60.3 ± 4.1/153.7 ± 40.7) glycemic control. The diet consumed by 75.5% of diabetics with good glycemic control was classified as medium GL, suggesting that the consumption of medium GL diet may favor an adequate glycemic control. The low GI diet consumed by these participants also presented higher protein content, which might have contributed to the attenuation of the postprandial glycemic response and better glycemic control of these patients. Conclusion: The intake of a reduced GI/GL diet favors the glycemic control of the studied population.

Keywords

Blood Glucose, Male, Adolescent, Body Mass Index, Diabetes mellitus, Glucemia, Surveys and Questionnaires, Glycemic index, Blood glucose, Humans, Child, Body Weight, Dieta para diabéticos, Body Height, Diet, Índice glucémico, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Glycemic Index, Female, Diabetic diet, Algorithms, Brazil

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Average
Average
Top 10%
gold