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Kırgızistan Mezar ziyaretleri

Authors: Pembeci, Barış İşçi;

Kırgızistan Mezar ziyaretleri

Abstract

Sovyetler Birliği’nin çöküşüyle beraber Orta Asya genelinde dini bir canlanış başlamıştır. Bu dini canlanışın Kırgızistan’daki yansıması gittikçe popülerleşen mazar ziyaretlerinde gözlemlenmektedir. Mazar kelimesi, Kırgızistan’da en sık kullanılan haliyle “kutsal yer” (ıyık cer) anlamına gelir. Bu kutsal yerler genellikle pınar, sıra dışı kaya oluşumları, mağaralar, karınca yuvaları, dağ ve ağaç gibi doğal oluşumlardır. Bazı mazarlar ise önemli olayların gerçekleştiğine inanılan yerlerde konumlanmıştır. Mazar merkezli ibadet Kırgızların ruhani hayatlarında merkezi bir konuma sahiptir. Mazarların özel vasıfları olduğuna, bu yerlerin kutsal ruhlar tarafından iskân edildiğine ve bu kutsal yerlerde yapılan duaların, dilenen dileklerin Allah’a daha etkili ve anlamlı bir şekilde iletildiğine inanırlar. Kırgızistan’daki mazar merkezli inanışlar ve ritüeller İslamiyet öncesine dayanır ve İslamiyet’le uyumlu hale getirilip günümüze kadar yaşatılmıştır. Bu süreç içinde hikâyeleri, ritüelleri ve inanış biçimleriyle çok zengin bir mazar kültürü oluşmuştur. Sovyetler Birliği sırasında baskı altına alınıp zarar gördüyse de din üzerindeki baskının gevşemesiyle birlikte mazar geleneği yeni anlamlar kazanarak tekrar canlanmış ve Kırgızlar için yeni sosyal, kültürel, dini ve hatta politik işlevler üstlenmiştir. Mazarlar, entelektüel Kırgızlar için Kırgız milli kimliğini tanımlama aracı haline gelmiş, sıradan Kırgızlar içinse bağımsızlık sonrası yaşanan sürekli kargaşa ve endişe ortamında avuntu; ekonomik, ailesel ve sağlıkla ilgili problemlerine çare olmuşlardır.

With the collapse of the Soviet Union, Central Asia has experienced a religious revivalism. Region-wide religious revivalism is most obvious in increasingly popular mazar worship in Kyrgyzstan. The most common usage of the mazar term in Kyrgyzstan refers to a sacred place or a shrine. These holy sites are centered around natural objects or formations such as springs, caves, unusual rock formations, anthills, mountains, or trees. Some others are located at places where important events are believed to have occurred. Mazar visits hold a central place in spiritual lives of the Kyrgyz. They believe that the mazars have special qualities, are occupied by spirits and that the worship in these sacred sites is delivered to God in a more effective and meaningful way. The mazar-centered beliefs and rituals in Kyrgyzstan go back to pre-Islamic era, but have been adapted with Islamic principles and have survived until today. Throughout long history, a rich mazar culture has come into existence with stories, rituals and belief forms. Even though it has been damaged and even destroyed during the Soviet Union, the mazar tradition has revitalized during independence period with new meanings. The mazars provide new social, cultural, religious and even political functions for the Kyrgyz people today. While the mazars serve as tools for intellectual Kyrgyz who try to construct a national identity, they provide ordinary Kyrgyz with solace and hope of aid for their economic, health and family problems in an era of constant chaos and anxiety.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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