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Article . 2013
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Valor de la biopsia en la arteritis de la temporal

Authors: Agostini Porras, Gabriela; Tamarit Conejeros, José Manuel; Morales Suárez-Varela, María; Dalmau Galofre, José;

Valor de la biopsia en la arteritis de la temporal

Abstract

La Arteritis de Células Gigantes (ACG) es una patología inflamatoria de arterias de mediano y gran calibre, típicamente ramas craneales. En su diagnóstico, resulta de vital importancia la biopsia de la arteria temporal, técnica que en nuestro hospital es realizada por el servicio de ORL. Nos planteamos un estudio para valorar la rentabilidad de esta técnica y los parámetros implicados en su correcta realización. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo sobre las biopsias realizadas en nuestro servicio desde el año 2002 hasta el 2011, comparando variables clínicas, analíticas, el tratamiento corticoideo previo y la longitud de la pieza con el diagnóstico definitivo de enfermedad. La enfermedad fue definida por presencia de tres de los cinco criterios diagnósticos establecidos por el American College of Rheumatology. 125 pacientes (78 mujeres, 47 varones, edad media, 74 años) fueron analizados. La cefalea, sensibilidad al tacto del cuero cabelludo, disminución de pulsos temporales y la elevación de la VSG muestran relación con el diagnóstico de enfermedad. Una longitud de biopsia mayor a 0,5 cm tuvo relación con su utilidad. El tratamiento previo con esteroides no afectó al resultado de la biopsia o el diagnóstico definitivo (p < 0,05). La biopsia presenta en nuestro estudio gran especificidad y valor predictivo positivo para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad, si se obtiene longitud suficiente de muestra, y en presencia de clínica en la región temporal con elevación de la VSG resulta de utilidad para dirigir el diagnóstico. El uso previo de esteroides no parece afectar al diagnóstico de la enfermedad.

Temporal Artery Biopsy Value Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) is a middle and large vessel inflammatory disease, usually of cranial branches. Temporal artery biopsy is frequently used to aid its diagnosis, and is performed by the Otolaryngology Department in our hospital premises. The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value and optimal technique of the procedure. Temporal artery biopsies performed in the 2002 - 2011 ten year period were analyzed into a retrospective study, comparing the presence or absence of disease with the following variables: age, sex, signs and symptoms, referral medical department, previous steroidal treatment, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and biopsy length. The disease was defined by the presence of three out of the five diagnostic criteria defined by the American College of Rheumatology. A total of 125 patients were identified (78 females, 47 males, mean age, 74 years). Headache, temporal scalp sensitivity and diminished temporal pulses were the symptoms statistically associated with GCA diagnosis, while high ESR was the only laboratory alteration related to the disease. 0,5 cm length specimen is needed to have 100% specificity and positive predictive value for the diagnosis (p < 0,05). Temporal artery biopsy had in our study high specificity and positive predictive value if given enough specimen length; also, if the patient presents with temporal symptoms and high ESR, results helpful in leading to the diagnosis. Previous steroidal use does not seem to deviate the disease diagnosis.

Medicina

Country
Spain
Keywords

Arteritis de la temporal, medicina preventiva, Biopsia de la arteria temporal, Temporal artery biopsy, Arteritis de células gigantes, salut pública, 3207.02 Arteriosclerosis, Giant cell arteritis

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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