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İhvân-ı Safâ`nın ahlak felsefesi

Authors: Bakış, Ayşegül;

İhvân-ı Safâ`nın ahlak felsefesi

Abstract

This study of İhvân-ı Safâ's Moral Philosophy consists of four chapters and the backbone of our thesis consists of the third and fourth chapters. In the first and second chapters, we wanted to point out the issue of the source and the foundation of morality and what are the basic concepts of moral philosophy as we think there will be a need to emphasize frequently in İhvân-ı Safâ.In the third and fourth chapters, we criticized the thoughts of İhvân-ı Safâ on the subject. We have seen that the İhvan group tries to get to know the human being who is the interlocutor of morality and analyzes the realm with the metaphor of a great person and a small realm.Emphasizing the physical features and the spiritual side of the human, İhvân made a distinction in the understanding of morality and argued that the characteristics we have brought with the `moral-i merkuze` and our predisposition, and the ways of behavior that we later gained with the `moral-i muktesebe` constituted it. İhvân, who states that both have an impact on the formation of our morality, describes the methods of filing the sharp sides of these inherited heritage by rich examples. He argued that these three played the leading role in the moral life of the person who based the morality on the basis of reason, religion and nature. We saw the incredible effects of the human being's birth, the position of the stars when he was born, the geography in which he lived, the physical and spiritual life of his social environment, and how he detailed the notions such as faith, wisdom, justice, zuhhd and love which he considered as value and which he equipped with some meanings but in depth, we have seen them in the treatises and criticized them in the last part of our study.Key Concepts: Morality, reason, religion, virtue, wisdom, will.

İhvân-ı Safâ'nın Ahlak Felsefesi adlı bu çalışmamız dört bölümden ibaret olup, tezimizin omurgasını üçüncü ve dördüncü bölümler oluşturmaktadır. Birinci ve ikinci bölümlerde, İhvân-ı Safâ'da sıklıkla vurgulama ihtiyacı doğacağını düşündüğümüz için ahlakın kaynağı ve temellendirilmesi meselesine ve ahlak felsefesinin temel kavramlarının neler olduğuna işaret etmek istedik.Üçüncü ve dördüncü bölümlerde ise İhvân-ı Safâ'nın konuya ilişkin düşüncelerini kritik ettik. İhvân grubunun ahlakın muhatabı olan insanı yakından tanımaya çalıştığını ve alemi büyük bir insan, insanı küçük bir alem benzetmesiyle çözümlediğini gördük.İnsanın bedensel özelliklerine ve ruhsal yanına vurgu yapan İhvân, ahlak anlayışında bir ayrıma gitmiş `ahlak-ı merkuze` ile doğuştan getirdiğimiz özelliklerin ve yatkınlığımızın, `ahlak-ı müktesebe` ile sonradan kazanıp kendimize malettiğimiz davranış şekillerimizin onu oluşturduğunu savunmuştur. Her ikisinin de ahlakımızın teşekkülünde etkisinin olduğunu belirten İhvân bu devraldığımız mirasları çekip çevirmenin sivri yanlarını törpülemenin yöntemlerini zengin örneklendirmelerle anlatmaktadır. İhvân, ahlakı akıl, din ve fıtrat tabanında temellendirmiş kişinin ahlaki yaşantısında bu üçünün başrol oynadığını savunmuştur. İnsanın nerede doğduğunun, o doğduğunda yıldızların konumunun, yaşadığı coğrafyanın, bulunduğu sosyal ortamın fiziksel ve ruhsal yaşamına olan inanılmaz etkilerini ve İhvân'ın değer olarak kabul ettiği iman, hikmet, adalet, zühd ve sevgi gibi bazı mefhumları nasıl detaylandırdığını ve hangi anlamlarla donattığını yalın ama derinlikli bir anlatımla risalelerde görüp çalışmamızın son bölümünde kritik ettik.Anahtar Kavramlar: Ahlak, akıl, din, erdem, hikmet, irade.

145

Country
Turkey
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Keywords

Religion, Din, Religion ; Felsefe

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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