A small but valuable live bait shrimp fishery has existed in Biscayne Bay since at least the early 1950s. In recent years there has been increasing pressure from recreational fishing and environmental groups to eliminate this fishery from the Bay because the fishing activity is generally thought to be deleterious to the environment and/or destructive to juvenile game fish.This study was initiated to update the existing knowledge of the bait shrimp fishery in Biscayne Bay and document historical trends in number of participants, fishingmethods, fishing area, seasonality, total catch, catch-per-unit-effort, disposition of the catch, and economics of the industry. (21pp.)