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Sporothrix brasiliensis genetic toolbox

Sporothrix brasiliensis caixa de ferramentas genéticas
Authors: Tavares, Matheus de Sá Freitas;

Sporothrix brasiliensis genetic toolbox

Abstract

A esporotricose é a micose subcutânea mais prevalente e distribuída no mundo. A espécie S. brasiliensis é descrita como sendo a mais virulenta, estando associada com manifestações clínicas mais severas, contudo, os mecanismos subjacentes à infeção e virulência de Sporothrix spp. ainda carecem de clarificação. Durante os últimos anos, o genoma de várias espécies de Sporothrix foi totalmente sequenciado e os dados estão disponíveis em recursos de acesso aberto. Em contraste, esse conhecimento genómico não foi acompanhado pelo desenvolvimento de ferramentas de genética reversa, que poderiam contribuir para a decodificação das funções dos genes. O presente trabalho focou-se na criação de uma caixa de ferramentas genéticas, permitindo a criação de uma biblioteca de transformantes que podem ser usados no futuro em estudos com o objetivo de desvendar os mecanismos pouco conhecidos de virulência do S. brasiliensis. Para tal, testamos um sistema CRIPR/Cas9 para S. brasiliensis. Contudo, os nossos resultados sugerem que o promotor TEF1-α, presente no plasmídeo utilizado, pPTS608, desenhado para Aspergillus spp., não é capaz de expressar a maquinaria CRISPR/Cas9 no sistema biológico de S. brasiliensis. Neste sentido, o nosso trabalho focou-se na avaliação do potencial de diferentes promotores e no desenvolvimento de um conjunto de transformantes de S. brasiliensis. Os nossos resultados mostram que a expressão induzida pelo promotor GAPDH resultou numa alta e constitutiva expressão genética de proteínas de fluorescência em transformantes de S. brasiliensis. Assim, desenvolvemos um conjunto de plasmídeos para clonagem com o promotor GAPDH ou H2A para a expressão de proteínas fluorescentes (GFP e mCherry). Estes plasmídeos permitem a clonagem de qualquer gene para expressão em fusão N-terminal in-frame com proteínas fluorescentes vermelhas ou verdes. Os transformantes de S. brasiliensis apresentam fluorescência localizada no núcleo quando a fusão in-frame foi feita com a histona endógena H2A, demonstrando a utilidade desses plasmídeos para clonagem de genes e proteínas fluorescentes em fusão. Em soma, os nossos resultados confirmam o sucesso na elaboração de protocolos para a construção de plasmídeos fáceis de editar e na criação de um conjunto de transformantes de S. brasiliensis através da Transformação Mediada por Agrobacterium tumefaciens (ATMT). A criação desta caixa de ferramentas genéticas, irá permitir no futuro elucidar os mecanismos de virulência pouco conhecidos do S. brasiliensis.

Sporotrichosis is the world's most prevalent and distributed subcutaneous mycosis. S. brasiliensis species is reported as the most virulent species, exhibiting the worst clinical manifestations, but the infection and virulence mechanisms of Sporothrix spp. still lack clarification. During the last years, the genome of several species has been fully sequenced, and the data is available in open access resources. However, this genomic knowledge has not been accompanied by reverse genetics tools, which could contribute to decoding gene functions. This present work focuses on creating a genetic toolbox, allowing the development of a set of transformants that can ultimately be used in future studies to unravel the poorly understood virulence mechanisms of S. brasiliensis. For that, we tested a CRIPR/Cas9 system for S. brasiliensis, however our results suggest that the TEF1-α promoter, present in the plasmid used, pPTS608, engineered for Aspergillus spp., does not express the CRISPR/Cas9 machinery in the S. brasiliensis biological system. Therefore, our work moved to evaluating the usefulness of different promoters and develop a set of S. brasiliensis transformants. Our results show that the expression promoted by the GAPDH promoter led to a high genetic and constitutive expression of fluorescence proteins in S. brasiliensis transformants. Thus, we developed a set of plasmids for cloning with the GAPDH or H2A promoter driving the expression of fluorescent proteins (GFP and mCherry). These plasmids allow the cloning of any gene for expression in an N terminal in-frame fusion with red or green fluorescent proteins. Accordingly, S. brasiliensis transformants show bright fluorescence localized in the nucleus when an in-frame fusion was made with the endogenous histone H2A, indicating the suitability of these plasmids for gene cloning and in-fusion fluorescent proteins. Together, our results confirm the success in constructing easy-to-edit plasmid protocol's and the creation of a set of S. brasiliensis transformants through the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation (ATMT). This genetic toolbox can be used in the future in order to elucidate the poorly understood virulence mechanisms of S. brasiliensis.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde, Proteínas-fluorescentes, Sporothrix brasiliensis, Fluorescent-proteins, Plasmídeos, CRISPR/Cas9, Plasmid

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green