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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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Adhesion promoters for tire textile reinforcements

Authors: Rego, Carina Magali Gonçalves;

Adhesion promoters for tire textile reinforcements

Abstract

Many people may not consider textile fabric to play such an important part in the tire complex structure, but fiber-rubber adhesion is a crucial requirement for tire quality and safety. This textile fabric needs a reinforcement – Resorcinol-Formaldehyde-Latex (RFL) dip solution – used in the automobile industry for over 80 years. In 2014, formaldehyde was considered a carcinogenic 1B substance, so RFL alternatives are being investigated. The goal of this work was to assess the performance of a New eco-friendly solution (Resin A) in terms of adhesion, chemical stability, mechanical and aging properties, permanently being compared with the current industrial standard RFL. Rayon, the chosen textile for this study, was dipped with two dip solutions (New and RFL), each with specific temperature, stretch and velocity conditions. Then the rubber sample could be prepared, involving a process of assembly similar to tire production. Starting from the dip preparation until the final rubber sample preparation step, it was possible to characterize each material: DLS analysis gave a new insight on the aqueous dip dispersion and probably the presence of distinct particle size populations; force elongation test and ATR-FTIR analysis were used to analyze the dipped cords, revealing that the dipped cords with New dip have similar elongation profile as RFL dipped cords. When exposing the dipped cords to lab environment there was loss of adhesion properties and ATR-FTIR analysis indicates post-cure effects as one of the potential causes; finally, for the rubber sample, peel adhesion test, SEM and optical microscopy image analysis allowed to qualify the adhesion (coverage, force, surface morphology and dip penetration distance), also with excellent results for the New dip. Other problems were addressed such as dip coagulation and proved to be essential to control pH and Resin A:Ammonia ratio parameters to obtain a stable dip solution. The results showed that the New dip formula is capable of similar adhesion and aging properties as compared to the current RFL standard adhesion system. Promising results in the laboratory indicate that the introduction of the New textile reinforcement in the tire production segments may happen in the near future.

Countries
United Kingdom, Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Aging, Envelhecimento, Adesão, Ciências Naturais::Outras Ciências Naturais, Adhesion, Reforço têxtil, Rubber, Resins, Resinas, Textile reinforcement, Borracha

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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