One of the major drawbacks of syngas fermentation is the limited gas-liquid mass transfer that generally limits productivities. Most research has been focusing in increasing the kLa (volumetric gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient), investigating different reactor typologies and gas dispersion devices. However, the driving force for mass transfer can also be increased, for instance, by operating at increased pressure. This thesis aims to explore the effect of increased pressure in syngas fermentation to improve the gas solubility, evaluating the effect on the biocatalysts and on the process itself. The starting point of this work was to use an adapted culture (from a syngas converting reactor) as inoculum. This culture was able to mainly produce methane and acetate from syngas. Methane was not produced directly from CO, but via the conversion of acetate and H2 by the bacteria present in the mixed culture (Acetobacterium and Sporomusa species). Later on, this culture was subsequentially transferred with syngas, originating an enriched culture mainly composed by Acetobacterium and Methanospirillum species that, besides acetate and methane, was able to produce propionate from syngas. From that highly enriched culture a new strain of Acetobacterium wieringae, strain JM, was isolated and characterized. This highly enriched culture was tested in an axial agitation reactor (AAR) with different initial syngas (CO, H2 and CO2 (60:30:10 %, v/v)) pressures, from 100 kPa to 600 kPa. No substrate inhibition was observed, even at the highest pressure and an increase of 45 % in titres (of acetate and propionate) were obtained. Moreover, the increase of pressure resulted in a shift in the metabolic pathways from acetate towards propionate, which is an uncommon product of syngas fermentation. The effect of pressure on the conversion of syngas by anaerobic mixed sludge was then studied using two different reactor typologies, AAR and GLR (gas-lift reactor). Initial syngas pressures of 100 kPa, 300 kPa and 500 kPa were tested. Overall, the GLR showed better performance in terms of CO consumption rates and product titres. The main product obtained was methane and the results showed, for the first time, that methanogenic activity was not inhibited with initial syngas pressures up to 500 kPa, achieving methane yields of 75 % for the GLR, and 92 % for the AAR. At 300 kPa and 500 kPa, volatile fatty acids were also produced, namely acetate, proprionate and n-butyrate. Propionate was the most abundant acid produced, reaching 4.4 mM at 300 kPa and 4.8 mM at 500 kPa in the AAR. Overall, the use of moderate pressures in syngas fermentation was shown beneficial, as it resulted in better productivities and titres without having significant detrimental effects on cell growth. The increase of pressure also did not inhibit methanogenesis. Moreover, higher pressures seem to induce the production of different chemicals, broadening the product spectrum of syngas fermentation. In this way, these findings could be the basis of new developments in the industrialization of syngas fermentation to produce platform chemicals and/or for biomethanation processes.