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Resgate do patrimônio geomineiro no Brasil: O Caminho dos Diamantes – Estrada Real (Minas Gerais, Brasil)

Rescuing mining heritage in Brazil: Caminho dos Diamantes – Estrada Real (Minas Gerais, Brasil)
Authors: Martínez, José Eduardo A.; Brilha, J. B.; Brandão, José Manuel;

Resgate do patrimônio geomineiro no Brasil: O Caminho dos Diamantes – Estrada Real (Minas Gerais, Brasil)

Abstract

Apesar da ausência de um enquadramento legal específico para questões referentes à conservação de valores relacionados à geodiversidade do Brasil, inúmeros levantamentos de geossítios vêm sendo executados no âmbito da academia e do serviço geológico do país, assim como têm surgido proposições de geoconservação e projetos de geoparques. Contudo, o tema patrimônio mineiro ainda é tratado de modo incipiente, se considerar a dimensão do setor mineral no Brasil. O projeto em curso pretende estabelecer metodologias para identificação, caracterização e conservação do patrimônio geomineiro brasileiro, tendo como base experimental estudo(s) de caso numa parte do Caminho dos Diamantes integrado na Estrada Real no Estado de Minas Gerais. Este percurso com cerca de 400 km de extensão, entre as cidades de Ouro Preto e Diamantina, abrange uma área que se destacou na produção mundial de ouro e diamante no século XVIII. O trabalho prioriza as intervenções antrópicas na extração mineral, como parte importante no conhecimento da geologia, ocupação territorial e desenvolvimento regional. Com mais de três séculos de mineração, a Estrada Real constitui um exemplar caso para estudo no âmbito do patrimônio geomineiro. Além do rico patrimônio natural e cultural, seu vasto percurso de mais de 1600 km conta com 177 cidades que surgiram da atividade extrativa mineral ou como entrepostos e rotas de escoamento das históricas lavras de ouro e diamantes para as cidades portuárias de Parati e do Rio de Janeiro. Em todo o território objeto deste estudo se encontram vestígios de explorações que ilustram toda uma evolução havida deste as lavras rudimentares até a moderna indústria consolidada durante o século XX. Um dos casos e a mina de Gongo Soco, situadas nas cercanias do município de Barão de Cocais, próximo à cidade de Santa Bárbara, região que pertenceu à Comarca de Mariana, importante pólo de extração de ouro no passado e de ferro mais recentemente. O projeto em desenvolvimento busca elementos estruturantes destes patrimônios remanescentes, tangível e intangível, e o resgate da memória mineira e sua importância no contexto histórico.

Despite the absence of a specific legal framework for issues related to the conservation of geodiversity values in Brazil, numerous inventories of geosites have been carried out within the scope of the academy and the national Geological Survey. In addition, proposals for geoconservation and geoparks projects have been proposed. However, the theme mining heritage is still very incipient, considering the dimension of the mineral sector in the country. The project aims to establish an identification, characterization and conservation methodology of the Brazilian mining heritage, including case studies in part of the route "Caminho dos Diamantes", integrated in the Estrada Real, State of Minas Gerais. This 400km long circuit connects the cities of Ouro Preto and Diamantina, which is an area very well known for the production of gold and diamonds in the XVIII century. This work prioritizes the anthropic interventions in mineral exploitations, as an important part in the knowledge of geology, land use, regional development and settlement of historic towns based on these mines. With more than three centuries of mining, the Estrada Real is an exemplary case study of mining heritage. In addition to the rich natural and cultural heritage along more than 1600 km, there are 177 cities that have emerged from the historic gold and diamond mining period to the harbors of Parati and Rio de Janeiro. In all the territory of this study are traces of exploration that are representative of an evolution from a rudimentary mining to a modern industry consolidated during the twentieth century. This is the case of the Gongo Soco mine, located in the vicinity of the municipality of Bark de Cocais, near the city of Santa Barbara, region that in the past was integrated in the District of Mariana, an important pole of extraction of gold in the pass and iron more recently. This project in progress seeks structuring elements of this tangible and intangible heritage in order to rescue mining memories and its importance in the historical context.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Cidades e comunidades sustentáveis, Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente, Mining heritage, Geodiversidade, Geodiversity, Mineral resources, Brasil, Patrimônio geomineiro, Recursos minerais, Extração mineira, Mining extraction, Brazil

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Green