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On the zeros of Riemann $\Xi(z)$ function

Authors: Shi, Yaoming;

On the zeros of Riemann $\Xi(z)$ function

Abstract

The Riemann $\Xi(z)$ function (even in $z$) admits a Fourier transform of an even kernel $\Phi(t)=4e^{9t/2}\theta''(e^{2t})+6e^{5t/2}\theta'(e^{2t})$. Here $\theta(x):=\theta_3(0,ix)$ and $\theta_3(0,z)$ is a Jacobi theta function, a modular form of weight $\frac{1}{2}$. (A) We discover a family of functions $\{\Phi_n(t)\}_{n\geqslant 2}$ whose Fourier transform on compact support $(-\frac{1}{2}\log n, \frac{1}{2}\log n)$, $\{F(n,z)\}_{n\geqslant2}$, converges to $\Xi(z)$ uniformly in the critical strip $S_{1/2}:=\{|\Im(z)|< \frac{1}{2}\}$. (B) Based on this we then construct another family of functions $\{H(14,n,z)\}_{n\geqslant 2}$ and show that it uniformly converges to $\Xi(z)$ in the critical strip $S_{1/2}$. (C) Based on this we construct another family of functions $\{W(n,z)\}_{n\geqslant 8}:=\{H(14,n,2z/\log n)\}_{n\geqslant 8}$ and show that if all the zeros of $\{W(n,z)\}_{n\geqslant 8}$ in the critical strip $S_{1/2}$ are real, then all the zeros of $\{H(14,n,z)\}_{n\geqslant 8}$ in the critical strip $S_{1/2}$ are real. (D) We then show that $W(n,z)=U(n,z)-V(n,z)$ and $U(n,z^{1/2})$ and $V(n,z^{1/2})$ have only real, positive and simple zeros. And there exists a positive integer $N\geqslant 8$ such that for all $n\geqslant N$, the zeros of $U(n,x^{1/2})$ are strictly left-interlacing with those of $V(n,x^{1/2})$. Using an entire function equivalent to Hermite-Kakeya Theorem for polynomials we show that $W(n\geqslant N,z^{1/2})$ has only real, positive and simple zeros. Thus $W(n\geqslant N,z)$ have only real and imple zeros. (E) Using a corollary of Hurwitz's theorem in complex analysis we prove that $\Xi(z)$ has no zeros in $S_{1/2}\setminus\mathbb{R}$, i.e., $S_{1/2}\setminus \mathbb{R}$ is a zero-free region for $\Xi(z)$. Since all the zeros of $\Xi(z)$ are in $S_{1/2}$, all the zeros of $\Xi(z)$ are in $\mathbb{R}$, i.e., all the zeros of $\Xi(z)$ are real.

Comment: 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1107.5483 by other authors

Keywords

Mathematics - General Mathematics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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