Considering the economic importance of cotton in many developing and developed countries, there is an urgent need to accelerate the application of biotechnological tools to address the problems associated with the production of this crop and to improve the quality of fiber and seed. This requires a simple yet robust gene delivery/transformant recovery system. A protocol for the production of transgenic cotton plants was refined in our laboratory. It involves Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cotton cells, selection of stable transgenic callus lines, and recovery of plants via somatic embryogenesis. A detailed description of the protocol is provided in this chapter.