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Article . 2002
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[Odors and olfaction].

Authors: Lledo, Pierre-Marie; Carleton, Alan; Vincent, Jean-Didier;

[Odors and olfaction].

Abstract

Sens archaïque, l’odorat nous a été transmis, presque inchangé, au cours de l’évolution pendant des centaines de millions d’années. Chez l’Homme, cette conservation se traduit par l’intervention directe des messages olfactifs dans notre vie émotionnelle, reliant de façon intime les informations parvenant de notre environnement à notre affect. Ainsi, le contenu émotionnel des odeurs, qu’il soit plaisant ou déplaisant constitue l’un des fondements majeurs de notre rapport avec le monde. Nous constatons tous les jours que les messages olfactifs ne peuvent être réduits à de simples influx de données liées à la nature des molécules qui parviennent à nos narines. En réglant les rapports entre nos connaissances sur l’environnement, nos émotions et nos actions, cette sensibilité chimique primitive a évolué progressivement pour assurer aujourd’hui, à travers l’olfaction, les fonctions biologiques les plus vitales : communication, alimentation et reproduction. Nous présentons dans cet article quelques résultats expérimentaux permettant de montrer comment s’effectuent les réorganisations liées à la production de neurones dans le bulbe en relation avec l’environnement olfactif. Ces modifications morphologiques sont mises en relation avec les performances olfactives du sujet.

In this review, we discuss some of the neural processes involved in the perception of odors that, together with audition and vision, provide essential information for analyzing our surroundings. We shall see how odor detection and learning induce substantial structural and functional changes at the first relay of the olfactory system, i.e., the main olfactory bulb. Among the mechanisms that participate in these modifications is the persistence of a high level of interneuron neurogenesis within the adult olfactory bulb. Our goal is to present some observations related to the neurogenesis that may aid in understanding the neural mechanisms of sensory perception and shed light on the cellular basis of olfactory learning. We summarize the current ideas concerning the molecular mechanisms and organizational strategies used by the olfactory system to transduce, encode, and process information at various levels in the olfactory sensory pathway. Due to space constraints, this review focuses exclusively on the olfactory systems of vertebrates and primarily those of mammals.

Country
France
Keywords

Neurons, Odors, Brain, Olfactory Bulb, Electrophysiology, Smell, Memory, Odorants, Animals, Humans, Perception, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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