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Türk şiirinde modernizm

Authors: Armağan, Yalçın;

Türk şiirinde modernizm

Abstract

The thesis attempts to understand how Turkish poetry has changed withmodernization and under what circumstances modernist poems were written. In orderto undertand how poetry changed with modernization, the thesis deal with what kindof a literary instituition was constructed in the period that started with Tanzimat. Forconceiving under what circumstances a modernist poem became possible, SecondNew (?kinci Yeni) was analyzed.The literary instituition was shaped through an opposition to autonomy of aesthetic,the denial of tradition and discovery of folk literature. During the constructionprocess of this literary instituition, the poem was characterized with the social utilityand attempts highlighting the individual usage of language were not allowed. Thusthe poem was not seen as an autonomous structure and especially after 1911, itbecame a means of disseminating nationalist thought. In this period, it was believedthat modern poem could appear only by denying the tradition and using the Hece(syllabic measure) which was regarded as the national measure. Poets such as AhmetHasim and Yahya Kemal objected to an utilitarian literary instituition but couldn?tmanage to transform this instituition radically. The Garip poetry which adhered tothe literary instituition in certain aspects, suspended the discussions about thepoetical measure and language. Garip wrote an avante-garde poem in terms of thetextual strategy and their poems became prevalent soon thanks to its objection toautonomous poetical language.The modernist poem which was not allowed by the literary instituiton because of itsobjection to aesthetic autonomy, could be written by ?kinci Yeni which drew upon anautonomous poetical language. Ikinci Yeni objected to the expectation of anunderstandable poetical language of literary instituition and characterized the poemas a structure independent from politics and morality. The autonomous poeticallanguage used by ?kinci Yeni was met with a great resistance. In the resistance thatwas opposed to ?kinci Yeni, it is possible to see the reaction to modernist sensibilityin Turkey.

Bu tezde, modernlesmeyle Türk siirinin nasıl bir dönüsüm geçirdiği vemodernist siirin hangi kosullarda olanaklı hale geldiği saptanmaya çalısılmıstır.Modernlesmeyle siirin nasıl bir dönüsüm geçirdiğini belirleyebilmek içinTanzimat'la baslayan süreçte ne tür bir edebiyat kurumunun insa edildiği ele alınmıs;modernist siirin hangi kosullarda olanaklı hale geldiğini görmek için de ?kinci Yenisiiri incelenmistir.Türkiye'de edebiyat kurumu, estetik özerklik karsıtlığı, geleneksizlesme vehalk edebiyatının kesfi ekseninde sekillenmistir. Bu edebiyat kurumunun insasısürecinde siir, toplumsal fayda noktasında tanımlanmıs ve dilin bireysel kullanımınıöne çıkaracak girisimlere izin verilmemistir. Bu nedenle siir, özerk bir yapı olarakgörülmemis, özellikle 1911 sonrasında milliyetçi düsünceleri yaymanın aracı halinegetirilmistir. Bu dönemde modern siirin, eskiyi reddetmek ve millî kabul edilen heceveznini kullanmakla olanaklı hale geleceği ileri sürülmüstür. Ahmet Hasim ve YahyaKemal gibi sairler, faydacı edebiyat kurumuna karsı çıkmıslar ama bu kurumu köklübiçimde dönüstürmeyi basaramamıslardır. Bu edebiyat kurumuna bazı noktalardabağlı kalan Garip siiri ise vezin ve dile iliskin tartısmaları askıya alarak metinselstratejisi açısından avangard bir siir yazmıs ve özerk siir diline karsı çıkmasısayesinde kısa zamanda yaygınlık kazanabilmistir.Edebiyat kurumunun estetik özerklik karsıtlığı nedeniyle izin vermediğimodernist siir, özerk siir diline dayanan ?kinci Yeni tarafından yazılabilmistir. ?kinciYeni, özerk bir siir dili kurabilmek için edebiyat kurumunun belirlediği anlasılır dilbeklentisine karsı çıkmıs, siiri siyasetten ve ahlaktan bağımsız bir yapı halinegetirmistir. ?kinci Yeni'nin özerk siir dili büyük bir dirençle karsılanmıstır. ?kinciYeni'ye gösterilen bu dirençte Türkiye'de modernist duyarlılığa karsı gelistirilentepkiyi görmek mümkündür.

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Keywords

Tarih, History, Ikinci Yeni, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı, Turkish poetry--20th century--History and criticism., 820, Modernism (Literature), Turkish Language and Literature, Garip, PL219 .A76 2007, Sociology, Turkish poetry--20th century--History and criticism, Autonomy of aesthetic, Avante-garde, Sosyoloji

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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