The proverbs used by Aristophanes are here studied under two points of view. On the first hand, the history of the tradition of the proverb, the author studies Aristophanes' texts which transmit for the first time the proverb or reveal its original meaning, as well as cases which ought to be included in a previous tradition, eventually spread from a famous locus classicus. On the second hand, the interpretations done by Aristophanes himself, he studies the variations, in particular: inserts in specific context, re-utilisation in a paroduic key, restablishment of a realistic interpretation, additions, textual changes