This paper focuses on the complex issues arising from the textual status of the chronographic work of Eusebius, the Chronicle, which is a privileged source for the study of the relationship between Christian bishop and Roman historiography, but it involves some particular textual and exegetical problems. An analysis is conducted on the specific choises made by Eusebius in his treatment of Roman history in order to recover the value of concept of 'romanitas' assumed in the Chronicle.