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Tarhanadan izole edilen bazı laktik asit bakterileri tarafından üretilen ekzopolisakkaritlerin karakterizasyonu

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by some lactic acid bacteria isolated from tarhana fermentation
Authors: Zehir, Duygu;

Tarhanadan izole edilen bazı laktik asit bakterileri tarafından üretilen ekzopolisakkaritlerin karakterizasyonu

Abstract

Fermente gıdaların temel mikroflorasını oluşturan laktik asit bakterileri (LAB) teknolojik açıdan birçok fonksiyonel özelliklere sahiptir. Bunlardan birisi bu bakterilerin ekzopolisakkarit (EPS) üretebilmeleridir. LAB suşları tarafından üretilen EPS'ler gıdaların vizkozitesinin geliştirilmesinde, sineresisin engellenmesinde, jelleşme ve stabilitenin arttırılmasında faydalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tarhana fermentasyonundan toplanmış LAB izolatları arasında EPS üreticilerinin belirlenmesi, bu suşların ürettikleri EPS'lerin karakterize edilmesidir. Bu kapsamda 1044 tarhana izolatından 18 adedinin kolonilerinin uzama özelliği gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. Ardından bu izolatlar (GTG)5 parmak izine göre sınıflandırılmış ve 16S rDNA dizi analizi sonucunda; 8 adedinin Lactobacillus plantarum, 3 adedinin Lactobacillus brevis ve 7 adedinin LAB dışındaki türlerden oldukları anlaşılmıştır. EPS üretimlerine göre seçilen 6 adet L. plantarum suşlarının MRS ortamında 521-1166 μg mL-1 arasında EPS üretebildikleri belirlenmiştir. Bu suşların EPS üretiminde inkübasyon sıcaklığı, karbon kaynağı ve ortam pH'sının etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Özellikle EPS üretimi sakkaroz ve maltoz varlığında anlamlı oranda artmıştır. Biyoreaktör ölçeğinde BHI substratı ile en fazla EPS, L. plantarum PFC310 ve PFC311 suşları ile üretilmiştir. Saflaştırılan EPS'lerin viskozitesi asidik koşullarda yüksek bulunurken, alkali koşullarda PFC311E hariç düşük bulunmuştur. Ayrıca EPS'lerin viskozite özellikleri sıcaklığın artışı ile düşmüştür. En yüksek viskozite PFC311E ve PFC313E'de sırasıyla 0,015 ve 0,018 Pa.s olarak ölçülmüştür. L. plantarum suşlarının ürettikleri EPS'ler ısıl direnci yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu suşların ürettikleri EPS'lerde ısıl bozulma PFC311E hariç 314oC'de olmuştur. PFC311E'de ise 295.7oC'de meydana gelmiştir. L. plantarum suşları tarafından üretilen EPS'lerin glukoz, galaktoz ve fruktoz birimlerinden oluştukları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak tarhana fermentasyonunda EPS üreticisi LAB türlerinin L. plantarum olduğu, yüksek miktarda EPS üretmesi ve üretikleri EPS'lerin gerek reolojik özellikleri ve gerekse de termal özellikleri nedeniyle L. plantarum PFC310 ve PFC311 suşları teknolojik açıdan önemli bulunmuştur.

The lactic acid bacteria (LAB), members of the microflora of the fermented foods, have many functional properties technologically. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) production is one of these. The EPSs produced from LAB have role in developing the viscosity, preventing the sineresis, increasing the gelling and stability of foods. The aim of this study was determining the EPS producing LAB strains among the previously isolated LAB isolates from tarhana dough and characterization of their EPSs. In this respect, 18 of 1044 tarhana LAB isolates was observed to have sliming phenotype. Then these isolates were clusterred according to the (GTG)5 profile and identified with 16S rDNA sequence homology as; Lactobacillus plantarum (8), Lactobacillus brevis (3) and other out of LAB (7). Six L. plantarum strains, selected according to EPS production, were determined to have ability to produce 521-1166 μg mL-1 EPS in MRS medium. The incubation temperature, carbon source and the medium pH effected the EPS production at these strains. Expecially, EPS production was increase significantly in the presence of sucrose and maltose. The highest EPS amount was produced at L. plantarum PFC310 and PFC311 with BHI substrate at bioreactor scale. While the viscosity of purified EPS were found high at acidic conditions, but they were low at alcali conditions except PFC311E. Also, the viscosity of EPSs decreased with increasing the temperature. The highest viscosity was recorded at PFC311E and PFC313E as 0,015 and 0,018 Pa.s, respectively. Thermal resistance of EPSs produced from L. plantarum were found high. The main thermal degradation was occurred at 314 oC. But PFC311E was thermally degraded at 295,7oC. Glucose, galactose and fructose were found the moieties of EPSs produced by L. plantarum. As a conclusion, L. plantarum are the main EPS producers species in tarhana fermentation, in addition L. plantarum PFC310 and PFC311 are technologically signifcant for high EPS production ability and both rheological and thermal properties of their EPSs.

85

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Turkey
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Keywords

Thermal properties, Mikrobiyoloji, Rheology and Thermal Properties, Reoloji, Lactobacillus Plantarum, Microbiology, 630, Tarhana, Exopolysaccharide, Food Engineering, Biyoteknoloji, Rheology, Termal Özellikler, Gıda Mühendisliği, Ekzopolisakkaritler, Biotechnology, Lactobacillus plantarum

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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