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Körtiktepe Neolitik Dönem kemik bızları

Authors: Arslan, Nesibe;

Körtiktepe Neolitik Dönem kemik bızları

Abstract

İnsanlık kültür tarihinde leş yiyicilik süreciyle birlikte alet olarak kullanıldığı bilinen ilk aletin kemikten üretilmiş olabileceği olası görünmektedir. Avlanma yetisini henüz kazanmamış olan insan, karşısına çıkan her türlü besin kaynağından faydalanmıştır. Bunların arasından hayvanların avlarından kalan leşler hiç şüphesiz ilk sırada yer almaktadır. Bu durumda doğadan kolaylıkla elde edilebilecek hammadde kaynaklarından birini de kemik oluşturmaktadır. Alternatif kaynak gibi görünen kemik, insanın yontma yetisine sahip olmadan çok daha önce kullandığı belki de tek hammaddedir. Kemik, gerçek anlamda alternatif olma özelliğini ise uzmanlık gösteren teknikler uygulanarak üretilen kemik aletlerin çok belirgin bir artış ve çeşitlenme gösterdiği Üst Paleolitik ve Neolitik Dönem'de önem kazanmıştır. Dönemsel fark gözetilmeksizin kullanılmış olan kemik, son derece kolay şekilde elde edilebilen bir hammadde kaynağıdır. Üst Paleolitik Dönem'de standart haline gelen kemik alet üretiminin en erken aşaması ve bu aşamaya ait örnekler, kemik alet üretiminin daha erken dönemlerde var olduğunu göstermektedir. Ilısu Barajı ve HES Projesi kapsamında gerçekleştirilen arkeolojik kazılardan biri olan Körtiktepe, Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik Dönem A (PPNA)'ya ait katmanlarda farklı tür ve çeşitlilikte kemik eserler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu kemik alet topluluğu içerisinde gerek işlevleri gerekse sayısal çokluğu açısından büyük bir bölümünü oluşturan kemik bızlar önemli bir yere sahiptir. Değerlendirme kapsamına alınan bir grup bız; malzeme, hammadde (hayvan kemikleri), işleme teknikleri, işlevleri ve tipolojilerine göre tasnif edilerek; bölgenin söz konusu diğer çağdaş yerleşimleriyle olan ilişkileri irdelenmiştir.

It seems possible that the first industrial tool was produced from bone along with the process of eating in the history of human culture. Man, who has not yet acquired the ability to hunt, has benefited from every food source he encounters. Among these species, the remains of their prey are undoubtedly in the first place. In this case, one of the sources of raw materials that can be found in nature consists of bone. Bone, which seems to be an alternative source, is perhaps the only raw material that humans used long before they had the ability to carve. Bone gained importance as a real alternative in the Upper Paleolithic and Neolithic Periods, when bone tools produced by applying specialized techniques showed a significant increase and diversification. Bone, which has been used regardless of periodic differences, is a source of raw material that can be obtained extremely easily. The earliest stage of bone tool production, which became the standard in the Upper Paleolithic Period, and examples from this stage show that bone tool production existed in earlier periods. Körtiktepe, one of the archaeological excavations carried out within the scope of the Ilısu Dam and HES Project, revealed different types and varieties of bone artifacts in the layers belonging to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period A (PPNA). Bone awls, which constitute a large part of this bone tool collection both in terms of their functions and numerical abundance, have an important place. A group of awls included in the evaluation; classified according to materials, raw materials (animal bones), processing techniques, functions and typologies; Its relations with other contemporary settlements of the region were examined.

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

Neolitik dönem, Bone awls, Kemik bızlar, Hayvan kemikleri, Bone tools, Animal bones, Neolithic period, Körtiktepe, Kemik aletler

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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