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Karakteristik sınıfları

Authors: Kocaayan, Hicran;

Karakteristik sınıfları

Abstract

A characteristic class is a way of associating to each vector bundle on a topological space X a cohomology class of X. Characteristic classes are contravariant constructions of cohomology theory. Cohomology theory grew up after homology and homotopy theory, which are both covariant theories based on mapping into a space.Characteristic class theory in its infancy in the 1930s was one major reason why a dual theory to homology was sought.Characteristic classes are elements of cohomology groups; the integers which are obtained from the characteristic classes are called the characteristic numbers. Characteristic numbers solve the oriented and un-oriented bordism questions. General bordism problem is to calculate the cobordism classes of manifolds subject to various conditions. Cobordism is a fundamental equivalence relation on the class of compact manifolds of the same dimension, set up using the concept of the boundary of a manifold. Equivalence classes would havedetermined according to relation to be cobordant between manifolds through the characteristic classes.In this thesis we will give general information about fundamental characteristic classes (Stiefel-Whitney, Euler, Chern and Pontrjagin classes). We will study the characteristic classes and the characteristic numbers of the some special spaces.

Bir karakteristik sınıf, bir X topolojik uzayı üzerindeki vektör demetlerine X in bir kohomoloji sınıfını eşlemenin bir yoludur. Karakteristik sınıflar, kohomoloji teorisinin kontravaryant bir yapısıdır. Kohomoloji teorisi bir uzaydaki dönüşümlere dayanan ve kovaryant teoriler olan homoloji ve homotopi teoriden sonra bulunmustur.Karakteristik sınıflar teorisi 1930 larda doğmustur. Bunun nedeni homolojiye dual bir teori aranmasıdır.Karakteristik sınıflar kohomoloji gruplarının elemanlarıdır; karakteristik sınıflardan elde edilen tam sayılara karakteristik sayılar denir. Karakteristik sayılar yönlendirilmiş ve yönlendirilmemiş bordizm problemlerini çözer. Genel bordizm problemi, çeşitli koşullarda manifoldların kobordizm sınıflarını hesaplamaktır. Kobordizm; bir manifoldun sınırı kavramını kullanarak kurulan aynı boyutlu kompakt manifoldlar üzerindeki bir denklik bağıntısıdır. Karakteristik sınıflar aracılığıyla manifoldların kobordant olma bağıntısına göre denklik sınıfları belirlenmektedir.Bu tez calsmasnda temel karakteristik sınıflar (Stiefel-Whitney, Euler, Chern ve Pontrjagin karakteristik sınıfları) hakkında genel bir bilgi verilmektedir. Bazı özel uzayların karakteristik sınıfları ve karakteristik sayıları incelenecektir.

80

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Turkey
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Keywords

Matematik, Vektör Demetleri, Stiefel-Whitney sınıfları, Euler sınıfları, Chern sınıfları, Pontrjagin sınıfları, Grassmann manifoldları., Characteristic classes, Vector bundles, Stiefel-Whitney classes, Euler classes, Chern classes, Pontrjagin classes, Grassmann manifolds., Matematik A.B.D., Mathematics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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