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Controle estatístico aplicado ao processo de colheita mecanizada de sementes de amendoim

Authors: Simões, Ronaldo Rosa;

Controle estatístico aplicado ao processo de colheita mecanizada de sementes de amendoim

Abstract

O amendoim é uma cultura que possui o seu fruto sob a superfície do solo, exigindo que sua colheita seja realizada em duas etapas denominadas arranquio e recolhimento. Neste processo ocorrem perdas de grau variado, as quais variam espacialmente e temporalmente, com influência direta sobre a qualidade da semente produzida. Pressupondo que as perdas na colheita mecanizada de amendoim apresentem variabilidade temporal e que, portanto, o local de amostragem possa interferir na determinação dos valores obtidos, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, por meio do controle estatístico de processo, as perdas quantitativas no arranquio e recolhimento do amendoim, bem como, avaliar estatisticamente a qualidade das sementes após a colheita. Para a coleta dos dados foi montada uma malha de 42 pontos amostrais, nos quais foram avaliadas as perdas visíveis, invisíveis e totais no arranquio, as perdas na plataforma, as perdas visíveis totais e perdas totais na colheita. Também foram determinados parâmetros de caracterização da colheita do amendoim, tais como teor de água do solo e das vagens, matéria seca, dimensões da leira, cobertura vegetal, fluxo de material colhido, bem como foram realizadas avaliações da qualidade fisiológica das sementes. O teor de água das vagens e do solo foi adequado à operação de arranquio. As perdas visíveis, invisíveis e totais no arranquio apresentaram distribuição assimétrica e instabilidade segundo o controle estatístico. Somente as perdas totais na colheita de amendoim tiveram distribuição normal no recolhimento. Todas as variáveis de caracterização do material recolhido (exceto impurezas minerais) e o índice da velocidade de germinação para a qualidade fisiológica das sementes apresentaram distribuição normal.

The peanut culture has its fruits under the soil surface, demanding a two-steps harvest named digging and collecting. In this process different losses degree can occur, varying spatially and timely influencing directly on the produced seed quality. Estimating that the peanut mechanized harvest losses present temporal variability and, therefore, the sampling place can intervene the gotten values determination, this work aimed evaluate, by the process statistical control means, the quantitative losses in the plowing and picking up the peanut, as well evaluate statistically the seeds quality after harvest. To data collecting a 42-sample-poitns mesh was built in which the visible, invisible, and total losses in the plowing, the platform losses, the visible, invisible, and total losses in the harvest were evaluated. Peanut harvest characterization parameters as soil and pods water content, dry matter, line dimensions, vegetal munching, harvested material flow were determined as well seed physiologic quality evaluations. The water content in the pods and soil was adequate to plowing. The visible, invisible and total losses during plowing presented asymmetric distribution and instability according the statistical control. The total losses in the peanut harvest was the only parameter with normal distribution in the collecting. All material collected characterization variables (except mineral impurities) and the germination index to the seed physiologic quality presented normal distribution.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FCAV

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Amendoim - Colheita mecanizada, Arachis hypogaea, Amendoim, Arranquio, Amendoim - Colheita

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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