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Comparação de métodos de manejo da irrigação no feijoeiro, nos sistemas plantio direto e convencional

Authors: Carvalho, José Joaquim de;

Comparação de métodos de manejo da irrigação no feijoeiro, nos sistemas plantio direto e convencional

Abstract

O feijão é o alimento de muitos brasileiros sendo produzido em todo o território nacional, em diversas condições climáticas e de cultivo. Apesar de sua grande importância, a produção nacional dessa leguminosa é desuniforme, pois na maioria dos casos, é cultivado em áreas com baixo nível de tecnologia e por não haver um completo conhecimento das condições meteorológicas predominantes durante as épocas de cultivo. O Estado de São Paulo, de maneira geral, apresenta períodos secos e chuvosos bem definidos. No período das águas, embora haja a ocorrência de precipitação pluviométrica, esta pode ter distribuição irregular, comprometendo a produtividade do feijoeiro quando o veranico coincidir com fases críticas quanto ao requerimento de água. A irrigação regulariza o fornecimento hídrico, assegurando a produção. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar três métodos de manejo de irrigação, quais sejam: por tensiômetria, tanque “Classe A”, e pela evapotranspiração estimada pela equação de Penman Monteith. A semeadura do feijão foi realizada no dia 29/09/2008 utilizando a cultivar BRS Pontal, no espaçamento de 0,45 m entre linhas com distribuição de 14 sementes por metro. Anteriormente ao experimento, foi plantada a cultura de aveia preta (Avena stringosa Schred), na área que se encontrava em pousio há três anos, sendo o solo de textura média argilosa. Os tratamentos foram irrigados com um sistema de gotejamento superficial. Os resultados avaliados foram o balanço de água do solo, a evapotranspiração e a produtividade de grãos. Conclui-se que os métodos de manejo avaliados diferiram entre si no plantio convencional e todos apresentaram produtividades significativamente superiores à da testemunha não irrigada. No sistema preparo convencional do solo o manejo da irrigação...

Beans are the food of many Brazilians being produced throughout the country, in different climatic and cultivation conditions. Although its importance, the national production of this legume is floating, as in most cases, is grown in areas with low level of technology and the knowledge lack weather conditions prevailing during the growing season. Has Sao Paulo State has, in general, periods of rainy and dry well defined. In the rainy season, although the occurrence of rainfall, it can have uneven distribution, affecting bean yield when the drought to coincide with critical stages on the water requirement. The irrigation regulates water supply, ensuring the production. The purpose of this study is evaluating three methods of irrigation management: tensiometer, the Class A Pan, and the evapotranspiration estimated by the Penman Monteith equation. The sowing of beans was held on 29/09/2008 using the BRS Pontal, spaced 0.45 m between rows with distribution of 14 seeds per meter. Before the experiment, the crop was planted oat (Avena stringosa Schred) in the area that was fallow for three years, the soil of medium texture soil. The treatments were irrigated with a drip irrigation system. The results were evaluated the balance of soil moisture, evapotranspiration and yield. Concluded that the management methods evaluated differed in conventional tillage and all had yields significantly higher than the control without irrigation. In the conventional system of soil water management was most effective use of water applied in relation to no-tillage system.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Evapotranspiration, Plantio direto, Evapotranspiração, Phaseolus vulgaris, Produtividade, Irrigação agricola, Climatic variables, Management of water, Variações climaticas, Feijão, Productivity

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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