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Mapeamento de fragmentos de mata no município de Maringá, PR: uma abordagem da ecologia da paisagem

Authors: Marques, Américo José;

Mapeamento de fragmentos de mata no município de Maringá, PR: uma abordagem da ecologia da paisagem

Abstract

This present paper is based on theorical principles and quantitative methods from Landscape Ecology, a very new field of Ecology which focus on the spacious relationships and interactions between spacious patterns and Ecological process. For this reason, na evalluation of spacious patterns in compatible scales according to the urban na rural environments was accomplished due to the particularities inherent to each one of them. As the variability of na urban área is given by the diversity of materials which composes it, ist was necessary to carry out a mor detailed study and the structure of this environment was evalluated by using landscape indexes (metrical) quantified from the analysis fo pictures take from above with a 5-meter spacious resolution. For the rural environment it was used a scene of the Landsat 7 ETM+ sattelite with a 30-meter spacious resolution to make the quantification of theses indexes. Thus, Remote Sensing data and techniques were used in order to generate thematical maps representing the classes of the uses of the land and the landscape indexes permitted to estimate the fragmentation degree of the two environment of analysis. The main focus of this essay was given to the class “forest, reforestmente and arborization of streets” for the urban área and “arborous vegetation and reforestment”for the rural área. In both cases, the patches of the focused classes showed they were distributed in a fragmented way and barely connected to each other. In general, the measurements used corroborated the spacious information represented spaciously on the thematical maps. The connectivity aspect é damaged in the rural área what it is according to the present reality of absence, for example of the continuation of the riparian forests.

O presente trabalho está pautado nos princípios teóricos e métodos quantitativos provenientes da Ecologia da Paisagem, ramo relativamente novo da Ecologia, que focaliza as relações espaciais e interações entre padrões espaciais e processos ecológicos. Nesse sentido, foi realizada uma avaliação dos padrões espaciais em escalas compatíveis à análise dos ambientes urbano e rural, devido às particularidades inerentes a cada um deles. Como a variabilidade de uma área urbana é dada pela diversidade de materiais que a compõem, houve necessidade de se realizar um estudo mais detalhado, e a estrutura desse ambiente foi avaliada através de índices de paisagem (métricas) quantificados a partir da análise de fotografias aéreas com resolução espacial de 5 metros. Para o ambiente rural foi utilizada uma cena do satélite Landsat 7 ETM+ com 30 metros de resolução espacial, para a quantificação desses índices. Desse modo, foram utilizados dados e técnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto para gerar os mapas temáticos representando classes de uso da terra e os índices de paisagem permitiram estimar o grau de fragmentação dos dois ambientes de análise. O enfoque principal do trabalho foi dado à classe “mata, reflorestamento e arborização de ruas” no ambiente urbano e “vegetação arbórea e reflorestamento” no ambiente rural. Em ambos os casos, as manchas da classe enfocada se mostraram distribuídas de forma fragmentada e pouco conectadas e, de modo geral, as métricas utilizadas corroboraram as informações espaciais representadas espacialmente nos mapas temáticos. O aspecto de conectividade é comprometido na área rural, o que é consistente com a realidade atual de ausência, por exemplo, de continuidade na mata ciliar.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pós-graduação em Ciências Cartográficas - FCT

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Remote Sensing, Ecologia da paisagem, Sensoriamento remoto, Métodos quantitativos, Landscape Ecology, Cartografia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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