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Sistema radicular e produtividade de soja em semeadura direta e convencional na renovação de canavial

Authors: Cordeiro Junior, Paulo Sérgio;

Sistema radicular e produtividade de soja em semeadura direta e convencional na renovação de canavial

Abstract

A área cultivada com a cultura da soja no Estado de São Paulo já ultrapassou 900 mil hectares e apresenta perspectivas de continuar crescendo nos próximos anos, sobretudo em reforma de canaviais. A semeadura direta de soja sobre palhada de cana crua já é conhecida e aperfeiçoada há 20 anos. Contudo, muito abaixo do potencial produtivo da soja atualmente. Em vista desse contexto, uma questão se apresenta. Como aumentar a produtividade da soja em semeadura direta sobre palhiço de cana crua? A pesquisa teve como objetivos estudar o crescimento do sistema radicular e a produtividade da soja, semeada com e sem haste escarificadora e na presença ou ausência de gesso, em experimento de longa duração sobre doses de calcário e semeadura direta na reforma de cana crua. A pesquisa foi iniciada em 1998 por pesquisadores do IAC e está instalada sobre um LATOSSOLO Vermelho eutrófico (Centro Avançado de Pesquisa em Cana do IAC, Ribeirão Preto). Utilizando-se delineamento em blocos ao acaso, os tratamentos foram arranjados em parcelas sub-subdivididas, sendo os dois mecanismos sulcadores ( haste escarificado e discos duplos desencontrados) no sistema semeadura direta os tratamentos principais e as quatro doses de calcário (0, 2, 4 e 6 t ha-1) os tratamentos secundários (aplicadas em 1998, 2003, 2008 e 2018). Essa configuração original sofreu modificação com a inclusão de mais uma causa de variação, a aplicação de gesso agrícola, nas doses 0 e 2,5 t ha-1, todos dispostos em 4 repetições no campo. Nessa reforma, utilizou-se calcário dolomítico. A dose aplicada de gesso foi 2.500 kg ha-1. A semeadora utilizada marca Tatu Marquesam, modelo COP-CA. Foi utilizada a cultivar comercial de soja TMG 7062 seguindo as devidas recomendações técnicas para o pleno desenvolvimento das plantas. Foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: resistência Mecânica do Solo à Penetração, avaliação do Sistema Radicular e componentes da Produção e Produtividade de Grãos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (Teste F) e ao teste de Tukey à 1 e 5% para a comparação das médias. Foi realizada analises de regressão polinomial para os tratamentos em função das doses de calcário.

The area cultivated with the cultivation of soybeans in the State of São Paulo has already exceeded 900 thousand hectares and shows prospects of continuing to grow in the coming years, especially in the reform of cane fields. Direct soybean sowing on raw cane straw has been known and improved for 20 years. However, far below the productive potential of soy today. In view of this context, a question arises. How to increase the productivity of soybean under no-tillage on raw sugarcane straw? The research aimed to study the growth of the root system and the productivity of soybeans, sown with and without scarifying stem and in the presence or absence of plaster, in a long-term experiment on limestone doses and direct sowing in the reform of raw cane. The research was initiated in 1998 by researchers from the IAC and is installed on an eutrophic LATOSOLO Vermelho (IAC Advanced Center for Sugarcane Research, Ribeirão Preto). Using a randomized block design, the treatments were arranged in sub-subdivided plots, with the two furrow mechanisms (scarified stem and double discs missing) in the direct seeding system as the main treatments and the four limestone doses (0, 2, 4 and 6 t ha¹ secondary treatments (applied in 1998, 2003, 2008 and 2018). This original configuration was modified with the inclusion of one more cause of variation, the application of agricultural plaster, in doses 0 and 2.5 t ha-1, all arranged in 4 repetitions in the field. In this reform, dolomitic limestone was used. The applied plaster dose was 2,500 kg ha-1. The seeder used by Tatu Marquesam, model COP-CA. The commercial soybean cultivar TMG 7062 was used, following the appropriate technical recommendations for the full development of the plants. The following evaluations were carried out: Soil Mechanical Resistance to Penetration, Evaluation of the Root System and components of Grain Production and Productivity. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (Test F) and Tukey's test at 1 and 5% for comparison of means.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Glycine max, Sucessão de culturas, Sistema plantio direto, Cana-de-açúcar, Palhada de cana

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green