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Uso de farinha de insetos na nutrição de peixes

Authors: Vasconcelos, Guilherme Trindade de;

Uso de farinha de insetos na nutrição de peixes

Abstract

O aumento da produção aquícola mundial promove maior demanda por rações e consequentemente pela farinha de peixe. Porém, na produção da farinha de peixe são utilizados recursos pesqueiros, que demonstram produção global em declínio. Dessa forma, a diminuição do uso desse insumo nas rações aquícolas diminuiria a pressão sobre os estoques pesqueiros. Diante desse problema, insetos aparecem como fonte de nutrientes alternativas e sustentáveis. Portanto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão sobre o uso de farinha de mosca-soldado negra, tenébrio, mosca doméstica, bicho-da-seda, grilo e gafanhoto na nutrição de peixes, abordando aspectos como o valor nutricional, avanços e problemas para sua utilização. Foram realizadas buscas dos estudos de nutrição de peixes cultivados que utilizaram farinhas de insetos nas bases: Web of Science, Google Acadêmico, Scopus e Repositório Institucional UNESP. Em geral, oberva-se que dietas contendo níveis até 25% de substituição da farinha de peixe podem sem utilizadas sem afetar negativamente o desempenho em crescimento, eficiência alimentar, composição corporal ou muscular dos peixes. Dietas com níveis de substituições da farinha de peixe até 25% pela farinha de insetos não prejudicam coeficiente de digestibilidade da proteína e extrato etéreo. Além disso, peixes podem ser alimentados com dietas contendo níveis de substituição da farinha de peixe em até 50% sem efeitos adversos na histologia, resposta imunológica, parâmetros hematológicos, enzimas do estresse oxidativo e detoxificante. No entanto, esses parâmetros são influenciados pela fase de desenvolvimento ou substrato de criação do inseto, tipo de processamento, conteúdo de quitina, nível de substituição ou espécie de peixe.

The increase in world aquaculture production promotes greater demand for aquafeeds and consequently for fishmeal. However, fishmeal production uses fishery resources that show declining global production. Thus, reducing the use of this input in aquaculture feeds would reduce the pressure on fish stocks. Faced with this problem, insects appear as a source of alternative and sustainable nutrients. Therefore, this paper aims to present a review on the use of black soldier fly, tenebrio, house fly, silkworm, cricket and grasshopper meal in fish nutrition, addressing aspects such as nutritional value, perspectives and constraints for its use. We conducted searches about nutrition studies of farmed fish that used insect flours in the following databases: Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus and UNESP Institutional Repository. In general, it was noted that diets containing up to 25% fish meal replacement levels can be used without negatively affecting fish growth performance, feed efficiency, body or muscle composition. Diets with fish meal substitution levels of up to 25% for insect meal do not affect the digestibility coefficient of protein and ether extract. In addition, fish can be fed diets containing up to 50% fish meal replacement levels with no adverse effects on histology, immune response, haematological parameters, oxidative stress and detoxifying enzymes. However, these parameters are influenced by the developmental stage or substrate of insect rearing, type of processing, chitin content, substitution level or species of fish.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

133653/2018-8

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Inseto, Dieta, Farinha de peixe, Farinha de larva

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green