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Compósito de borracha natural com incorporação de bagaço da cana-de-açúcar

Authors: Paiva, Fábio Friol Guedes de;

Compósito de borracha natural com incorporação de bagaço da cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

Poluição atmosférica e ambiental, oriunda da queima de resíduos industriais, é motivo de investigação científica para sua redução, onde o desenvolvimento de materiais orgânicos, sem emissão de CO2 e de baixo custo, objetivam a redução da queima dos resíduos e servem de alternativa como substituinte de produtos derivados da rota petroquímica. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa propôs o desenvolvimento de um compósito utilizando a borracha natural (BN), como matriz polimérica, e fibras de resíduo do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar (RCA) para a produção de um eco-compósito. Os compostos foram denominados BN/RCA, sem tratamento, e BN/RCAT, para os compósitos tratados. Para obter o compósito, o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar foi micronizado, peneirado em mesh 170, tratado com hidróxido de sódio a 10%m e incorporado na borracha proporções de 10 a 40 phr (per hundred rubber). Para avaliar a composição química e a superfície do resíduo, primeiro as amostras de RCA e RCAT foram caracterizadas estruturalmente e morfologicamente pelas técnicas de fluorescência de raios X (FRX), difração de raios X (DRX) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Os compósitos também foram caracterizados pelas técnicas de ensaio mecânico de tensão vs. deformação, dureza Shore A, resistência à abrasão, ensaio de ligações cruzadas e análises térmicas. O tratamento alcalino permitiu incorporar maiores quantidades de resíduo sem perda significativa de propriedades mecânicas. O uso do resíduo tratado aumentou a resistência à abrasão em 28%, manteve a flexibilidade dos compósitos de borracha e aumentou a deformação na ruptura de 565% (BN) para 639% quando incorporados 10 phr de RCAT. O compósito foi utilizado na preparação de sandálias, atendendo aos requisitos especificados do Instituto de Testes e Pesquisas para a Fabricação de Calçados, sendo uma nova alternativa para o setor.

Atmospheric pollution, from the burning of industrial waste, is a reason for scientific research to reduce it, improving a quality of life around the world. Organic materials, with no emission of CO2 and low cost, are alternatives for substitution of products derived from the petrochemical route. In this context, this research proposed the development of a composite, using a natural rubber (NR), as polymer matrix, and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) residue fibers for an eco-composite production. The compounds denominated NR/SCB, without treatment, and NR/SCBT, for the treated composites. To obtain the composite, the micronized sugarcane bagasse, sifted in mesh 170, treated with 10% sodium hydroxide and incorporated in the rubber proportions of 10 to 40 phr (per hundred rubbers). To evaluate the chemical composition and the surface of the residue, first as samples of SCB and SCBT were characterized structurally and morphologically by the techniques of x-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composites were also characterized by mechanical stress vs. strain, Shore A hardness, abrasion resistance, crosslink density and thermal analysis. The alkaline treatment allowed to incorporate larger volumes of waste without significant loss of mechanical properties. The use of the treated residue increased the abrasion resistance by 28%, maintained the flexibility of the rubber composites and increased the deformation at rupture by 565% (NR) to 639% when incorporating 10 phr of SCBT. The composite was used in the preparation of sandals, meeting specified requirements of the Institute of Tests and Research for a Footwear Manufacture, being a new alternative for the sector.

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FCT

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Borracha natural, Sugarcane bagasse, Eco-compósito, Eco-composites, Bagaço da cana-de-açúcar, Natural rubber

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green