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Fatores que influenciam a produtividade e a qualidade do leite

Authors: Delfino, João Lucas Cânovas;

Fatores que influenciam a produtividade e a qualidade do leite

Abstract

No Brasil, a produção de leite tem importância social, bem como econômica, pois está presente em número significativo de propriedades com mão-de-obra familiar. Entretanto, baixas produtividade e qualidade ainda são características do leite brasileiro. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar fatores que influenciam a produtividade, a contagem bacteriana total (CBT), a contagem de células somáticas (CCS) do leite e verificar se o produto está adequado às normas da legislação brasileira. A pesquisa se baseou em entrevista estruturada e coleta de leite das propriedades participantes (n=45), pertencentes à microrregião de Birigui-SP, para análise. Foram realizadas regressão multivariada, análise de variância multivariada, com pós-teste de Tukey, e determinou-se coeficiente de correlação entre variáveis. A produtividade média observada foi de 6.274,9±4.981,4 L/ha/ano. Observou-se que a produtividade foi influenciada positivamente pela base da alimentação volumosa e produção de leite por dia de intervalo entre partos. Não houve diferença significativa entre a produtividade das propriedades que utilizavam pastejo rotativo e fornecimento de volumoso no cocho, mas estas foram superiores àquelas que utilizavam pastejo contínuo ou pastejo alternado. O fato de se possuir tanque refrigerador individual favoreceu a menor CBT. Observou- se mais alta CCS no leite de produtores que realizavam o “California Mastitis Test” (CMT) com maior frequência. O leite de apenas quatro produtores (8,9%) apresentou-se adequado para todos os parâmetros analisados.

In Brazil, dairy production has social, as well as economic, importance, because it is present in significant number of farms with family labor. However, low productivity and low quality still are features of the Brazilian product. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of factors on milk productivity, total bacterial count (TBC) and somatic cell count (SCC) and verify if the product is suited to the requirements of Brazilian law. The research was based on data from structured interview and analyses of milk samples collected from each farm (n=45), which belongs to Birigui-SP microregion. Multivariate regression and multivariate analysis of variance, with Tukey’s post-test, was performed and correlation coefficient was determined. The observed average productivity was 6,274.9±4,981.4 L/ha/year. Roughage feeding base and milk production per day of calving interval influenced positively the productivity. There was no difference in productivity between farms that used short-duration grazing system and roughage feeding in the trough, both had higher productivity than farms that used continuous grazing system and alternated grazing system. Milk of producers that had individual cooler tank had a lower TBC. It was observed that milk of producers that performed California Mastitis Test (CMT) frequently had a higher SCC. Milk from four farms (8.9%) was suitable for all analyzed parameters.

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Grazing, Gado leiteiro, Multivariate analysis, Dairy cattle, Milk analysis, Análise multivariada, Pastejo, Familiar agriculture, Análise de leite, Agricultura familiar

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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