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Efeitos da diversidade funcional de detritos sobre a estrutura de comunidades e o funcionamento de ecossistemas de fitotelmatas

Authors: Migliorini, Gustavo Henrique;

Efeitos da diversidade funcional de detritos sobre a estrutura de comunidades e o funcionamento de ecossistemas de fitotelmatas

Abstract

Understanding the biodiversity effects on community and ecosystem processes is crucial in the face of growing extinction rates and shifts in natural ecosystems. Diversity can influence the consumption of resources governing ecosystem processes through two main mechanisms: (i) complementary properties of species, including niche partitioning and facilitation and (ii) strong dominant species effects on the function of interest (selection effect). Detritus of organic matter (e.g. dead leaves) are the base of primary production in many ecosystems. Detritus functional traits may alter the environment and influence the composition and structure of the associated community, as well as ecosystem functioning. Thus, we investigated if detritus diversity affects the 20 colonization and survival of detritivorous aquatic insects and the detritus processing in phytotelmata of tank bromeliads (Quesnelia arvensis). We manipulated the leaf litter diversity in bromeliads and evaluated the effects on the aquatic invertebrate community (colonization and survival) and a key ecosystem process, decomposition. The higher values of Chironomidae survival were detected for the polyculture (mixed leaf species) and two monocultures (single leaf species); also, the effect of polyculture is greater than the mean of the monocultures. These results indicate a positive selection effect for Chironomidae. Other detritivores (Scirtidae and Trichoptera) were not affected by detritus diversity. Contrary to prediction, decomposition rate was not affected by leaf detritus diversity. This can be explained by the fact that two of three detritivores were not affected in the survival. These two (Scirtidae and Trichoptera) must have, by complementarity, occupied the Chironomidae niche for the detritus consumption. The composition of aquatic and terrestrial colonizing arthropods was affected by detritus diversity. These results indicate that the availability of different resources ...

Entender os efeitos da biodiversidade sobre as comunidades e processos ecossistêmicos é fundamental diante das crescentes taxas de extinções e alterações nos ecossistemas naturais. A diversidade pode influenciar o consumo de recursos que regem processos ecossistêmicos através de dois mecanismos principais: (i) propriedades complementares de espécies incluindo partição de nicho e facilitação e (ii) fortes efeitos de espécies dominantes sobre a função de interesse (efeito de seleção). Detritos de matéria orgânica (e.g. folhas mortas) representam a base da produção primária em muitos ecossistemas. Os atributos funcionais dos detritos podem alterar o ambiente e influenciar a composição e a estruturação da comunidade associada, bem como o funcionamento ecossistêmico. Assim, investigamos se a diversidade de detritos afeta a colonização, a sobrevivência de insetos detritívoros e o processamento de detritos em fitotelmatas da bromélia Quesnelia arvensis. Manipulamos a diversidade de detritos em bromélias e avaliamos o impacto da identidade e atributos funcionais desses detritos sobre a comunidade de invertebrados aquáticos (colonização e sobrevivência) e em um processo ecossistêmico chave, a decomposição. A composição de colonizadores foi afetada pela diversidade de detritos. Esses resultados indicam que a disponibilidade de fontes diversas de recursos variados fornecem mais oportunidades aos detritívoros aquáticos e terrestres para aperfeiçoar a aquisição de nutrientes e se estabelecer no sistema. Os maiores níveis de sobrevivência dos Chironomidae foram detectados em duas monoculturas (espécies individuais dos detritos) e na policultura (mistura das espécies de detritos); ainda, a sobrevivência na policultura foi maior que a média das monoculturas. Estes resultados indicam haver, na policultura, um efeito de seleção positiva para Chironomidae. Outros detritívoros (Scirtidae e Trichoptera) ...

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE

Processo FAPESP: 2012/20249-0

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Aquatic ecology, Biodegradação, Fitotelmatas, Biodiversidade, Ecologia aquatica, Bromelia, Ecossistemas aquáticos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
Related to Research communities
Italian National Biodiversity Future Center