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O consensual e o polêmico no texto argumentativo escolar

Authors: Guariglia, Rinaldo;

O consensual e o polêmico no texto argumentativo escolar

Abstract

This paper examines two dialogical categories led by argumentation in the scholarly argumentative compositions: the consensus and the polemics, which are answerable by the diffusion of the ideas of the common sense, and, by extension, of other ideas that confront themselves with the consensual enunciates: the polemical ones. By means of the Bakhtine’s thought, three matrices of dialogues are investigated in this written scholarly text: the dialogues of textual producer with regard to other social voices, to the text-proposal to the composition, and, mainly, to the interlocutor-examiner. These dialogues insert, through the dispersion of the discourse, a set of textual and discoursive properties, which are sometimes consensual category manifestations; at another times, they are polemical ones; in accordance with the textual argumentative operation. Among the dialogical properties are the application of notions that generalizes, the organization of descriptive-causal enunciates, the observation of a strict logical reasoning, the distance or the approach of the text-proposal, the insertion of interrogative-rhetorical enunciates, and the occurrence of some linguistic-textual markers. The scholarly argumentative text presents invariably not only consensual enunciates, but also ruptures in the order of the common sense that characterizes the polemical category. The corpus of this research consists of argumentative compositions produced during a brazilian universitarian selective process in 2004.

Este estudo examina duas categorias dialógicas regidas pela argumentação nas redações argumentativas escolares: o consenso e a polêmica, que respondem pela propagação de ideias do senso comum, e, por extensão, de outras ideias que se confrontam com esses enunciados consensuais: os enunciados polêmicos. Por meio da reflexão bakhtiniana, três matrizes dialógicas são investigadas em redações escolares: os diálogos do sujeito-produtor com outras vozes sociais, com a proposta de redação e, principalmente, com o interlocutor-examinador. Esses diálogos inserem, em meio à dispersão do discurso, um conjunto de propriedades que ora são manifestações da categoria consensual, ora da polêmica; e estão de acordo com o exercício argumentativo do texto. Entre as propriedades dialógicas estão: a aplicação de aspectos generalizantes, a organização de enunciados descritivo-causais, a observação de um raciocínio lógico formalizado, o distanciamento da proposta de redação ou a aproximação com ela, a inserção de enunciados interrogativo-retóricos e a ocorrência de determinados marcadores linguísticos. O texto argumentativo escolar apresenta invariavelmente não apenas enunciados consensuais, mas também rompimentos com a ordem do senso comum, que caracterizam a categoria polêmica. O córpus de pesquisa compreende redações produzidas durante um processo seletivo universitário em 2004.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Língua portuguesa, Linguística, Argumentation, Análise do discurso, Discourse, Polemics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green