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Avaliação da tolerância do pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) a carboidratos

Authors: Baldan, Ana Paula;

Avaliação da tolerância do pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) a carboidratos

Abstract

Juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) weighing 27.6 ± 1.44 g were fed with three isoproteic and isoenergetic diets containing different levels of carbohydrates. The main source of carbohydrate (CHO) was pre-gelatinized starch in three levels of inclusion in diet: low (16.6%), high (38.8%) and control (22.4%), offered during 60 days. The study evaluated the growth performance and energetic metabolism of pacu. At the end of the experimental period, fish were sampled at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 24 h after the first feeding of to day to calculate the full stomach-somatic and intestine-somatic indexes. Twenty-four h after feeding, blood was drawn for glucose, free fat acids, triglicerids, cholesterol and total protein determination. Hepatic glycogen and lipids and muscle lipid were determined. Liver and visceral fat were weighed for hepatic-somatic and fat indexes calculation. A second experiment using 225 pacu (40 ± 5.0 g) was carried out to evaluate the diets digestibility. Fish were fed during 5 days with the experimental diets with chromium oxide 1% as marker. Starch dietary levels did not influence the weight gain and growth rater of fish. Fish fed with the 38.8% CHO presented better feed conversion (1.14 ± 0.02), protein efficiency rate (3.31 ± 0.05), high digestibility of protein (93.3 ± 0.8%) and starch digestibility (>99%). The food transit time differed (p<0.05) only at 9 hours after feeding, when fish fed with 38.8% CHO diet had more food in the stomach. Blood (glucose, free fat acids, triglicerids, cholesterol and total protein) and tissue (hepatic glycogen and muscle lipid) indicators were not influenced by diets but there was an increase of the lipogenic activity of liver, increasing the hepatic somatic index, and visceral fat accumulation in fish fed 16.6% and 22.4% ....(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Juvenis de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) com peso inicial de 27,6 ± 1,44 g foram alimentados com três dietas isoprotéicas e isoenergéticas com inclusão de carboidrato. A principal fonte de carboidrato utilizado foi o amido de milho pré-gelatinizado com três níveis de inclusão: baixo (16,6%), alto (38,8%) e controle (22,4%) por 60 dias. O estudo avaliou parâmetros de crescimento, desempenho produtivo e metabolismo energético do pacu. Ao término de 60 dias de alimentação, os peixes foram amostrados 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 24 horas após a oferta da 1° alimentação do dia para cálculo dos índices estomaco-somático e intestinosomático cheio. Na coleta de 24 horas após a alimentação, o sangue dos animais foi retirado para análise de glicemia, ácidos graxos livres, triglicerídeos, colesterol e proteína total. Nos tecidos foram determinados a concentração de glicogênio e lipídio total no fígado e lipídio total no músculo. Fígado e gordura visceral foram pesados para cálculo dos índices: hepatosomático e índice gorduro-viscero-somático. Para avaliação da digestibilidade das dietas, foi realizado um segundo experimento com 225 pacus (peso médio de 40 ± 5,0 g). Os peixes foram alimentados por 5 dias com as dietas experimentais acrescidas de 1% de óxido de cromo como marcador inerte. Os níveis de amido da dieta não afetaram o ganho em peso e taxa de crescimento específico dos animais. Os peixes alimentados com a dieta de maior nível de amido apresentaram melhor conversão alimentar (1,14 ± 0,02), taxa de eficiência protéica (3,31 ± 0,05), alta digestibilidade da proteína (93,3 ± 0,8%) e amido da dieta (>99%). O tempo de trânsito do alimento diferiu (p<0,05) somente 9 horas após alimentação, quando os peixes alimentados com a dieta de maior nível de amido tinham maior conteúdo de alimento no estômago. Os parâmetros sanguíneos...

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Carbohydrate, Gelatinized starch, Pacu (Peixe), Metabolism, Growth performance, Nutrição animal, Pacu, Carboidratos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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