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Sustentabilidade do sistema plantio direto em argissolo no trópico úmido

Authors: Aguiar, Alana das Chagas Ferreira;

Sustentabilidade do sistema plantio direto em argissolo no trópico úmido

Abstract

The present study was carried out focused in the following subjects: (i) Evaluation of no tillage agriculture sustainability over green manure straws in alley system throughout of its effects on the soil s chemical and physical qualitative parameters; (ii) Identification of what and how different green manure residues combine each other to improve the rice and corn crops in sustainability alleys system way. Two green manure species with high residues and other two with low quality had been evaluated: Leucaena leucocephala and Cajanus cajan, and Clitoria fairchildiana and Acacia mangium respectively. A combination between these green manures were made as the treatments: Clitoria + Cajanus (S+G); Leucaena + Cajanus (L+G); Acacia + Cajanus (A+G); Clitoria + Leucaena (S+L); Leucaena + Acacia (L+A) and the control treatment with no green manure. It was concluded that the no tillage soil management using green manure straws in alleys systems could be an alternative as a sustainable way to the crop productions, considering the environments and soil conditions. It was observed that the soil where the trial was carried out has the capacity to recycle nutrients and improve the quality parameters throughout the management used as far. It was observed also that the mainly parameters as aeration capacity, nitrogen range added by the green manure of leguminous species residues, and the Ca++ content in the rizosphere environment were the factors that improve the soil physical and chemical quality, with higher corn crop productivities. The Leucaena + Acacia combination has shown precocious behavior and more efficiency to cover the soil and to recycle nutrients. The Clitoria residues, even as a low quality green manure, could be na option for implanting a alley system because it is easier to 4 management. It was observed that the studied system has no capacity of K+ and Mg++ retain... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)

Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: (i) avaliar a sustentabilidade do agrossistema de plantio direto na palha com leguminosas cultivadas em aléias, por meio de seu efeito sobre os indicadores qualitativos químicos e físicos de um Argissolo do trópico úmido; (ii) identificar como a combinação de resíduos de leguminosas de diferentes qualidades interferem nos indicadores de sustentabilidade do uso do solo, por meio das produtividades do arroz e do milho. Foram avaliadas duas espécies de leguminosas de alta qualidade de resíduos - Leucaena leucocephala (leucena) e Cajanus cajan (guandu), e duas espécies de baixa qualidade de resíduos - Clitoria fairchildiana (sombreiro) e Acacia mangium (acácia), combinadas entre si, nos seguintes tratamentos: Sombreiro + Guandu (S+G); Leucena + Guandu (L+G); Acácia + Guandu (A+G); Sombreiro + Leucena (S+L); Leucena + Acácia (L+A) e Testemunha, sem leguminosas. Concluiu-se que o sistema de plantio direto na palha com leguminosas cultivadas em aléias pode ser considerado alternativa de uso sustentável do solo nas condições de regime pluviométrico e nos ARGISSOLOS arênicos, por sua capacidade de reciclar nutrientes e melhorar os indicadores de qualidade do solo ao longo do tempo. Os principais indicadores influenciados pelo sistema são: a capacidade de aeração, as quantidades de N adicionadas ao solo via resíduos de leguminosas e o tamponamento dos teores de Ca na zona radicular que resultam na melhoria na qualidade do solo, com reflexos notáveis no aumento da produtividade do milho. A combinação acácia+leucena apresenta, além da precocidade, grande eficiência na cobertura do solo e na reciclagem de nutrientes, mas o uso do sombreiro, como fornecedora de resíduo de baixa qualidade, por sua facilidade de 2 implantação, não pode ser descartado. A incapacidade do sistema em aumentar a retenção do K e Mg na zona radicular...

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Agricultura - Tropicos, Soil management, Solos arenosos, Agro-system, Plantio direto, Alley cropping, Leguminous, Cultivos de cobertura

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green