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Optimización de la operatividad de arrecifes artificiales durante su vida útil

Authors: Raffo Caballero, Juan Manuel;

Optimización de la operatividad de arrecifes artificiales durante su vida útil

Abstract

En los últimos años, la práctica del surf es un deporte en auge. Sin embargo, para que sea posible su práctica, se requieren unas condiciones especiales de oleaje, las cuales no satisfacen todas las playas. La surfeabilidad de un estado de mar depende de una serie de parámetros, entre los que se encuentran: altura de ola en rotura, peel angle, intensidad de rotura, tipo de rotura y longitud de cresta. Sin embargo, existen unas estructuras, llamadas arrecifes artificiales, con las que se puede forzar que existan esas condiciones. De esta manera, con estas estructuras se conseguiría convertir playas no operativas para la práctica del surf en lugares en que sea posible el mismo, aumentando la operatividad de la zona en lo referente a la surfeabilidad del oleaje. En este tipo de estudios, se dice que una playa es operativa para la práctica del surf cuando el oleaje ha roto, y además con una altura de ola en rotura superior a 30 cm. Por tanto, si para forzar unas condiciones óptimas, habrá que buscar que se produzca rotura y con alturas de ola que no sean residuales. En este Trabajo Fin de Máster, se pretende continuar con el trabajo realizado en el Trabajo Fin de Máster Diseño y optimización de arrecifes artificiales para la práctica de surf, realizado por José María Tortolero Jara, y dirigido por Alejandro López Ruiz. En dicho trabajo, se realizaba un análisis de la operatividad de un arrecife artificial en la playa de Conil de la Frontera. Para ello, se realizaron una serie de simulaciones bidimensionales con el modelo numérico SWAN, el cual realiza propagaciones espectrales de oleaje en grandes superficies. Sin embargo, este modelo no es óptimo para un estudio en dimensiones reducidas, como es el caso. Por ello, en este TFM se van a realizar simulaciones con el modelo numérico XBeach, más óptimo para este tipo de análisis. El objetivo general del trabajo es el análisis de la operatividad del arrecife a lo largo de su vida útil. Para ello, se realizarán unas simulaciones unidimensionales en unos perfiles de cálculo, distribuidos por el arrecife. Además, se van a realizar también unas simulaciones en el estado previo, es decir, sin arrecife, con el objetivo de evaluar el potencial aumento de la operatividad que se produciría con la construcción del arrecife. Por último, se realizarán simulaciones con vegetación, evaluando el efecto de disipación que produciría y su influencia en la surfeabilidad del oleaje. Entre los resultados obtenidos, es destacable comentar que efectivamente, la presencia del arrecife produce un aumento de la operatividad del oleaje con respecto a la operatividad sin arrecife. Además, la vegetación incluida no tiene mucha influencia en la operatividad del arrecife ni en los parámetros de surf.

Over the last years, surfing has become a rising sport. However, it requeries special wave conditions, which are not always satisfied. The ability of surfing a particular wave state depends on certain parameters, such as breaking height, peel angle, break intensity, breaking type and crest length. Nevertheless, some structures, known as artificial reefs, are capable of forcing such conditions. That way, it is possible to turn on inoperative beaches into operational ones. It is agreed that an operational state is reached when breaking occurs and with a minimum wave height of 30 cm. Therefore, forcing optimum conditions to surfing requires producing wave braking and non residual wave heights. This work pretends to continue with the work done in a previous Master Thesis called Diseño y optimización de arrecifes artificiales para la práctica de surf, by José María Tortolero Jara and advised by Alejandro López Ruiz. That work analysed the operability of an artificial reef located on a beach in Conil de la Frontera. To that end, some twodimensional simulations were made with the numerical model SWAN. This model makes spectral wave propagations on great surfaces. However, this is not optimum for this case of study. Because of that, this work perform simulations with the numeric model XBeach, more enhanced for this type of analysis. The main goal of this project is to analyise the operability of the reef during its lifetime, performing some one-dimensional simulations in some computational profiles, allocated all along the reef. In addition, some previous state simulations (without reef) are made, in order to evaluate the potential rising of the operability with the reef construction. Finally, some simulations with vegetation are also made to analyse the disipation effect that it produces and its influence on the surf parameters. Among the results, it is remarkable that the existence of the reef rises the surfing operability of the beach. Also, the vegetation has not a big influence in the operability nor in surf parameters.

Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos

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Spain
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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