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Türk iş hukukunda işçinin sadakat borcu

Authors: Ertürk, Arzu Arslan;

Türk iş hukukunda işçinin sadakat borcu

Abstract

Loyalty is in fact a moral concept. This concept, as a result of interaction of laws withthe public moral understanding, has gained its position within the legal system. But, the?loyalty obligation? which we mention its existence within the laws, should be discusseddifferently from its moral origins. Because, loyalty concept within the legal system, togetherwith the legal arrangements, has more of a concrete legal function than a moral one.Loyalty obligation is originating from on a mutual trust relation. This obligation, gainsmore importance in the permanent obligational relations that contains trust between partiesintensively.The loyalty obligation in the employment agreement, is an important secondaryobligation of the employee and serves the execution of work obligation. Loyalty obligationhas arisen together with the employment relation concept. This obligation which was in theform of a slave serving a master with loyalty in the ancient ages, has continued its existence inthe shape of unbounded loyalty concept between the employer and the employee. During the2nd World War, this obligation which has gained influence within the German Law and theninfluential in the whole world, has been defined as ?employee?s defense of the rightfulinterests of the employer in his best effort and avoidance of any behaviour that may harmthese interests?. Today, employee?s loyalty obligation is not perceived in its old rigid form,but perceived as ?employee?s defense of the interests of the employer which are worthdefending, within honesty and trust principals and at a level that can be expected from theemployee?.In the Turkish Labor Law, Loyalty obligation, is evaluated in the form of ?behaviouragainst honesty and loyalty? and in the scope of right of termination of employmentagreement due to rightful reasons by the employee, within Labor Law article no. 25/II, e.Although there is no arrangement regarding the employee?s loyalty obligation within theObligation Law, it is included in the Obligation Law Draft article no. 395, under the ?loyaltyobligation? heading. The mentioned draft arrangement, proves that employee?s loyaltyobligation is a currently valid obligation within the employment agreements and will also bevalid in the future as well.

Sadakat, aslında ahlaki bir kavramdır. Bu kavram, hukukun toplumdaki ahlak anlayışıile etkileşimi sonucunda, hukuk düzeni içerisindeki yerini almıştır. Ancak, hukuktavarlığından bahsettiğimiz ?sadakat borcu?, ahlaki köklerinden daha farklı olarak elealınmalıdır. Zira sadakat kavramı, yasal düzenlemelerle hukuk düzeni içinde, ahlaki olmaktanöte, somut hukuksal bir işlev üstlenmektedir.Sadakat borcu, karşılıklı güven ilişkisinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu borç, taraflararasındaki güveni yoğun bir biçimde barındıran sürekli borç ilişkilerinde önemkazanmaktadır.İş sözleşmesinde sadakat borcu, işçinin önemli bir yan edim yükümlülüğü olup veişgörme borcunun gerektiği gibi ifasına hizmet etmektedir. Sadakat borcu, iş ilişkisikavramıyla birlikte ortaya çıkmıştır. İlk çağlarda, kölenin efendisine sadakatle hizmet etmesişeklindeki bu borç, Batı Avrupada, işçi ile işveren arasındaki sınırsız sadakat anlayışı şeklindevarlığını sürdürmüştür. II. Dünya savaşı sırasında, Alman Hukukunda güç kazanan ve tümdünyada etkili olan borç, ?işçinin işvereninin haklı menfaatlerini var gücüyle savunması, bumenfaatlere zarar verecek her türlü davranıştan kaçınması? şeklinde tanımlanmıştır.Günümüzde işçinin sadakat borcu eski katı şekliyle algılanmamakta, işçinin işvereninkorunmaya değer menfaatlerini, ancak ?doğruluk ve güven ilkesi gereğince kendisindenbeklenebilecek ölçülerde savunması? şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır.Türk İş Hukukunda sadakat borcu, İş Kanunu m. 25/II, e hükmünde,? doğruluk vebağlılığa aykırı davranış? şeklinde ve işverenin haklı nedenle fesih hakkı kapsamındadeğerlendirilmiştir. Borçlar Kanununda, işçinin sadakat borcuna ilişkin bir düzenleme mevcutolmamakla beraber, Borçlar Kanunu Tasarısı m. 395 hükmünde, ?özen ve sadakat borcu?başlığı altında açık bir düzenlemeye yer verilmektedir. Söz konusu düzenleme çabası da,işçinin sadakat borcunun iş sözleşmelerinde halen geçerliliğini koruyan ve gelecekte dekoruyacak olan bir borç olduğunun bir delilidir

372

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

Hukuk, İş Hukuku, Özel Hukuk, Law

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green