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İstanbul halkevlerinin faaliyetleri (1939-1945)

Authors: Kumaş, Nursal;

İstanbul halkevlerinin faaliyetleri (1939-1945)

Abstract

IV ÖZET Atatürk tike ve İnkılâpları'nı halka benimsetmek amacıyla 19 Şubat 1932 tarihinde Halkevleri açılmıştır. Halkevleri; Dil ve Edebiyat, Güzel Sanatlar, Temsil, Spor, Sosyal Yardım, Halk Dershaneleri ve Kurslar, Kütüphane ve Yayın, Köycülük ile Tarih ve Müze Şubesi olmak üzere toplam 9 şube ve bu şubelere bağlı birçok kol ile faaliyet göstermiştir. Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, geniş halk kitlelerine ulaşmak amacıyla, 1940 yılında Halkodaları'nı açmıştır. Halkodaları 'nın açılma şartlan, Halkevleri'ne oranla daha kolaydır. Bu nedenle Halkodaları'nın sayısı 1948 yılma kadar hızlı bir artış göstermiş buna karşm çok az sayıda Halkevi açılmıştır. Gerekli şartlan yerine getiren Halkodalan ise Halkevleri'ne dönüştürülmüşlerdir. 1946 yılında Çok Partili Siyasi Hayata geçilmesi ile beraber Halkevleri'nin çalışmalarında bir yavaşlama olmuştur. Bunun nedeni; Halkın oluşan demokratik ortamın etkisiyle, yeni açılan Demokrat Parti etrafında toplanmasıdır. 1951 yılında büyük çoğunlukla iktidara gelen Demokrat Partinin; `Halkevleri'ne ait olan ve CHP'nin mülkiyetinde bulunan taşınmazlar ve içindeki eşyaların eski sahiplerine ya da hazineye devredilmesine dair` verdiği yasa önergesi, TBMM tarafından kabul edilmiştir. Kabul edilen 5830 sayılı bu yasa gereğince de, Halkevleri faaliyetlerini durdurmak zorunda kalmıştır. 1960 ihtilalinden sonra, yeniden açılan Halkevleri, ikinci dönem çalışmalarını 12 Eylül 1980 tarihine kadar devam ettirmiştir. Bu tarihten sonra, askeri yönetim tarafından hakkında dava açılan Halkevleri, 17.10.1984 tarihinde bu davadan beraat etmiş, 23.6.1987 tarihinde Ankara 3. Sulh Hukuk mahkemesi'nin verdiği karar ile de üçüncü dönem faaliyetlerine başlamıştır. Çalışmamız 1939-1945 yılları arasında İstanbul'da kurulmuş olan Halkevleri'nin faaliyetlerini kapsamaktadır. Bu dönem içerisinde İstanbul'da 17 Halkevi bulunmaktadır. İstanbul Halkevi'nin faaliyetlerine 1935 yılında son verilmesinde sonra, yerine Eminönü, Şehremini, Beyoğlu, Beşiktaş, Kadıköy, Üsküdar ve Şişli Halkevleriaçılmıştır. Bu Halkevleri'ni 1938 yılında Fatih, Bakırköy ve Eyüp Halkevleri, 1939 yılında Şile, 1940'da Sarıyer Halkevleri'nin açılması izlemiştir. 1945 yılında ise Kartal, Yalova ve 1946 yılında da Çatalca, Beykoz ve Yeşilköy Halkodaları Halkevleri'ne dönüştürülmüşlerdir. Tezimizde, İstanbul'da bulunan 17 Halkevi'nin 9 şubesinin faaliyetleri toplu bir şekilde incelenmiştir.

VI ABSTRACT The People's Hause was opened for teaching people Atatiirk's principles and revalutions at 19 February 1932. The People's Hause's activity included; Activities of the Fine Arts Branch, Activities of the Drama Branch, Activities of the Sports Branch, Activities of the Social Assistance Branch, Activities of the Adult Education and Courses Branch, Activities of the Library and Publications Branch, Activities of the Rural Development Branch, Activities of the Museums and Exhibitions Branch, Activities of the Language, History and Literature Branch. C.H.P constructed People's Rooms for reaching the great mass people in 1940. The People's Rooms opened more than People's Hause's in 1948 and the People's Rooms changed into the People's Hauses. The People's Hause's activities slowet down with many parties system. Because, People gathered around the `Democrat Party`. In 1951 Democrat Party which come to the power with great majority (established a low which) gave the ownership of estates belenging the People's Hause and C.H.P to either older owners or the state. Pherefore by item 5830 People's Hause's had to stop their activities. After 1960 revalution People's Hause's were reopened and coatinued their work until 1980. Later, armed governmend sued them but they were found not quilty by Ankara 3rd court and they continued their work for the 3rd time. Our stady shows the People's Hause's activities in Istanbul between 1939-1945. In this period there were 17 People's Hause's in Istanbul. After, Istanbul People's Hause's activity was terminated in 1935 opened, Eminönü, Şehremini, Beyoğlu, Beşiktaş, Kadıköy, Üsküdar, Fatih, Bakırköy, Eyüp People's than were opened. Kartal, Yalova, Çatalca, Beykoz, Yeşilköy People's Rooms were changed in to People's Hause's in 1945. In our thesis 9 of 17 People's Hauses activities were studied and summarized.

115

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

History of Turkish Revolution, Sociology, Halkevleri, Community houses, Cumhuriyet Halk Party, Istanbul, Sosyoloji, Türk İnkılap Tarihi

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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