
handle: 11424/209023
113 SUMMARY In our age, in modern states, various kinds of supervision mechanism has been improved in order have public administrations function in regular and in productive manner, in compliance with the laws and at the same time, to protect the rights and the freedoms of the individuals who are being managed. One of this mechanism is `administrative supervisions`, which are carried out by administrative institutions by using different means, in compliance with the administrative procedures; This is also called as auto-control system: in other words, inspections, supervisions are rendered by the administration's itself. This inspection mechanism is applied in two forms in our country; the first one is called as hierarchic supervisions which is an internal inspection method of administration and another supervision system which are performed by inspection committee and called as supervision of inspection committees. Second type supervision called as tutorship supervision which is applied for inspection made by the authorities out of the government circles and other inspection method which is carried out in the name of the government by the special supervision institutes. Hierarchic supervisions are arranged for same public legal intity. This supervision is carried out by superiors over subordinates in order to ensure operations of the public affairs to be carried out in due form, and supervise the status of the civil servants and their operations which are carried out by them, during working periods in their offices. The hierarchic supervision authority of the cabinet ministers and general directorates comprise as controlling the whole organisations, in fact to perform the duties of supervision of above said top managers are encountered with the difficulties from above explained reasons. That's why, the inspection institutions which are dependent on superior manager are carrying out this supervision duties of the said managers.114 The administrative tutorship supervision is a kind of supervision which is conducted by central administration to control local administrations and are being applied to supervise decisions and operations, performances of local administrations in order to establish public interest or benefit. Supervisions which are made by several special supervision and audit institutions, such as the state exchequer and audit Department, the Council of State, the Government Supervision Committee, High supervision Committee are also a type of administrative supervision. As a conclusion, by reviewing above mentioned supervision system, it will be understood clearly that the truth of the matter is all of the elements of supervision institutions which called in different titles, notwithsanding have all the same structure, Particularly, the structure of this supervision institutions are resembled to each other in democratic countries.
112 ÖZET Çağımızda modern devletlerde, kamu idarelerinin hukuka uygun düzenli ve verimli işlemesi ve aynı zamanda yönetilenlerin hak ve özgürlüklerinin korunması için bir takım denetim mekanizmaları geliştirilmiştir. Bunlardan `İdari Denetim` idari kurumlar tarafından idari araç ve usullerle yapılan, bir çeşit oto-kontrol, yani idarenin kendi kendisini denetleme yöntemidir. Bu denetim mekanizması ülkemizde iki şekilde görülür. Bunlardan birincisi idarenin iç denetim yolu olan Hiyerarşik Denetim ve Teftiş Kurullarının yaptıkları denetim, ikincisi de idarenin dış denetim yolu olan İdari Vesayet Denetimi ve Özel Denetim Kurumları yoluyla denetimdir. Hiyerarşik denetim, aynı kamu tüzel kişisi içinde gerçekleşir. Kamu hizmetlerinin gereği gibi işlemesini sağlamak için üstün, ast memurların memurluk statüleri ile bu memurların yaptıkları işlem ve eylemler üzerinde uyguladığı denetimdir. Bakanlıklar ve genel müdürlükler gibi örgütlerde, en üst yönetici olan bakan yada müdürün hiyerarşik denetim yetkisi, tüm örgütü kapsamaktadır. Bu durumda üst yöneticilerin tüm örgütü kapsayan denetim görevlerini bizzat kendilerinin yerine getirmesi zorlaşmaktadır. Bunun için en üst yöneticiye bağlı olarak oluşturulan teftiş kurulları bu görevi yerine getirmektedir İdari vesayet denetimi yerinden yönetim idarelerinin kararları, eylem ve işlemleri, organları ve personeli üzerinde kamu yararı amacıyla merkez konumundaki başka bir idarenin uyguladığı denetimidir. Sayıştay, Danıştay, Yüksek Denetleme Kurulu, Devlet Denetleme Kurulu gibi özel kurumlarca yapılan denetim de, idari bir denetim türüdür. Sonuç olarak değişik adlarla anılan bu denetim sistemleri incelendiğinde aslında temelde aynı şeye hizmet ettikleri görülür. Bu da idarenin hukuka uygun, düzenli ve verimli bir şekilde işlemesinin ve geliştirilmesinin sağlanmasıdır.
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Hukuk, Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration, Kamu Hukuku, Inspection boards, Control, Law, Public Law, Administrative supervisions
Hukuk, Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration, Kamu Hukuku, Inspection boards, Control, Law, Public Law, Administrative supervisions
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