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Oryantalizm: Türk medyasında self-oryantalizm

Authors: Yerlikaya, Turgay;

Oryantalizm: Türk medyasında self-oryantalizm

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Oryantalizm olarak kavramsallaştırılan disiplin, öteki olarak kabul edilen Doğu ve İslam Dünyası'na hakim olma ve onu yönetme amacıyla üretilmiş emperyal bir bilgi sistemi olarak ele alınmıştır. Edward Said'in 1978 yılında yazdığı Orientalism çalışması, bu anlamda paradigma kurucu bir eser kabul edilmiş, çalışmanın teorik çizgisini de belirlemiştir. Said'e göre Oryantalizm `emperyalizmin keşif kolu` olarak araçsallaştırılmış ve Batı'nın Doğu'ya ilişkin söylemlerini her alanda meşrulaştırmıştır. Bu anlamda Doğu hakkında üretilen batılı literatür, olgusal bir gerçekliğe karşılık gelmekten ziyade kolektif muhayyilede üretilen bir epistemolojidir. Doğu ve İslam dini bu bağlamda durağan, pasif, tarihsiz, egzotik ve bilim karşıtı bir dünya olarak ele alınmıştır. Bu coğrafyanın en önemli birikimlerinden olan İslam dünyası, söz konusu algının mutlak hedefi olarak günümüze kadar varlığını sürdürmüştür. Son zamanlarda Batı sosyo-politik yaşamında önemli bir mesele olarak görülen İslamofobya, sözünü ettiğimiz algısal hataların modern bir biçimidir. İslam karşıtlığının modern bir kavramsallaştırması olarak okunabilecek İslamofobya kavramı, 11 Eylül sonrası ortaya çıkan modern ve seküler bir hareket olsa da kökü Avrupa Ortaçağ'ına dayanan bir olgudur. Batı'nın kendi kimliğini Hegelyen bir perspektifle öteki üzerinden kurması, sadece Batı'ya özgü bir politika olarak kalmamış, Batı-dışı toplumların da modernleşme sürecinde karşılaştıkları bir proje olmuştur. Seküler elitlerin, Müslüman dünyada kolonizasyon sonrası süreçte uyguladıkları geleneksizleştirme ve İslamsızlaştırma politikaları, self-oryantalizm olarak tanımlanan yerli ötekilerin yaratılmasıyla sonuçlanmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Oryantalizm, İslamofobya, Medya, Self-oryantalizm

In this study, the discipline of Orientalism is discussed as an imperial knowledge system which was produced to dominate and to administer the otherized East and Islamic World. The book of Orientalism, written by Edward Said in 1978, was accepted as a constituent a paradigm, determines the theoretical horizon of this study. According to Said, Orientalism was instrumentalised as `vanguard of imperialism` and legitimated discourses of West on East in all fields. In this meaning, the Western literature about the East is an epistemology produced in a collective imagination rather than a fact. Aforementioned literature has defined the East and Islam as static, passive, non-historical, exotic, and anti-scientific. One of the most important savings of the geography Islam, has maintained to be absolutely targeted by the mentioned approach.Islamophobia which is seen as a major issue of Western socio-politic life style recently, makes up the modern form of a similar imaginary error. Islamophobia which could be read as a modern conceptualization of opposition to Islam, is accepted as a modern and secular discourse following September 11, it actually is a phenomenon that has its roots back to the Middle Ages in Europe. Formation of West's own identity on the other with a Hegelian perspective did not only remain as a policy particular to West but it was project faced by non-Western societies in modernization process. Non-traditionalization and non-Islamization policies enforced by the secular elites on the Muslim world after the colonization, resulted in creation of local others in these societies, described as generation of self-orientalization.Key Words: Orientalism, İslamophobia, Media, Self-orientalism

129

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Turkey
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Keywords

Radyo-Televizyon, Media, İletişim Bilimleri, Sosyal Açıdan, Journalism, Orientalism, Oryantalizm, Radio and Television, Turkish press, Islamophobia, Türkiye, Medya, Self Oryantalizm, Gazetecilik, Kitle İletişim Araçları

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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