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Küçükasya`nın Batı Karadeniz kıyısında bir antik kent: Tios (Tieion)

Authors: Öztürk, Bülent;

Küçükasya`nın Batı Karadeniz kıyısında bir antik kent: Tios (Tieion)

Abstract

The ancient city of Tios / Tieion which was constituted in western part of the place where Filyos river discharges into Black Sea and was one of the transit points between Bithynia and Paphlagonia regions in the ancient period, is located today in the Filyos township of the Çaycuma District of Zonguldak province in the western Black Sea region of Turkey. In ancient sources the city is spelt in various ways, including Tieion, ?ion, ?eion, ?ios in Greek and Tieium, Tium, Tios in Latin. Tios is narrated by the ancient authors to have been founded as a Milesian colony in the colonization period of Greeks in the second half of the seventh century BC. Being dependent to the various kingdoms in its Hellenistic period the city fell under Roman control in ca. 70 BC. In the Roman Imperial period, it is understood from inscriptions and coins that Roman emperors and proconsuls encouraged the development of the city. In the Byzantine period the city was a bishopric and we find the names of bishops of Tios on lead seals and in council lists. As a result of the archaeological excavations and the surface surveys in the territorium of the city and museum researches that were made at the helm of Prof. Dr. Sümer Atasoy between the years 2007-2012, new epigraphic materials were also found. All of these epigraphic materials are dated to the Roman and Byzantine periods and consist of honorary decrees for emperors and officers, milestones, dedications for gods & goddesses, weights, amphora handles and grave stones. New information were made about the political, socio-economical, socio-cultural history of the Tios from all these work intended to form the inscription corpus of the city.

Antik Çağ'da Billaios Irmağı'nın (= Filyos Çayı) denize döküldüğü deltanın batısında kurulan ve Bithynia ile Paphlagonia bölgeleri arasındaki geçiş noktalarından biri kabul edilen Tios / Tieion Antik Kenti; bugün Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi, Zonguldak İli, Çaycuma İlçesi, Filyos Beldesi'nde yer almaktadır. Antik kaynaklarda kentin adı Hellence Tieion, Tion, Teion, Tios, Latince olarak ise Tieium, Tium ve Tios olarak anılmaktadır. Antik yazarlar tarafından Tios'un bulunduğu alanın, Hellen kolonizasyonu kapsamında, M.Ö. VII. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında, Tios adında bir rahibin liderliğinde, Miletoslularca kolonize edildiği anlatılmaktadır. Hellenistik Devir boyunca çeşitli bölge krallıklarına bağlı kalan kent, M.Ö. 70'te Romalılar'ın hâkimiyetine girmiştir. Yazıtlardan ve sikkelerden Roma İmparatorluk Devri'nde, Roma imparatorları ile valilerinin kentin kalkınmasına önem verdikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Kent, Bizans Devri'nde ise piskoposluk merkezi hâline gelmiştir; zira Tioslu piskoposların isimlerini kurşun mühürler üzerinde ve konsil listelerinde görebilmekteyiz. Prof. Dr. Sümer Atasoy başkanlığında, 2007-2012 yılları arasında yapılan arkeolojik kazılar yüzey araştırmaları ve müze çalışmaları sonucunda, kentten yeni epigrafik malzemeler tespit edilmiştir. Roma ve Bizans çağlarına tarihlenen bu yazıtlar, imparatorlar ve memurlar için onurlandırma kararnameleri, miltaşları, tanrı/tanrıça adakları, ağırlıklar, amphora kulpları ve mezar taşlarından oluşmaktadır. Kentin yazıt kataloğunun oluşturulduğu çalışmalar sonucunda kentin siyasi, sosyo-ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel tarihine ilişkin yeni bilgiler elde edilmiştir.

445

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Turkey
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Keywords

Tarih, Bithynia, Arkeoloji, Archeology, History, Eskiçağ, Paphlagonia, Pontus, Ancient Linguistics and Cultures, Roman Period, Old Age history, Greek colony cities, Antique Blacksea, Antik Kentler, Eski Çağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri, Filyos stream, Tios, Inscriptions

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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